April 25, 2019 Journal article Open Access

Asamene Embiale Taye, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi, Feleke Zewge Beshah, Endalkachew Sahle-Demessie

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{
  "description": "<p>&nbsp;Estimation of personal exposure to air pollution is needed to identify high-risk population and to&nbsp;develop mitigation strategies. In this study, an assessment of the potential effects of short-term exposure to&nbsp;PM10 and the elements bound within PM10 was conducted. Samples were obtained from the ten sub-cities of&nbsp;Addis Ababa (three sampling points from each) during&nbsp;the commuting time (traffic congestion and taxi queues).&nbsp;A particle counter consisting of a portable sampling unit&nbsp;with multi-fraction dust samplers was used for sample&nbsp;collection. The elemental composition was analyzed by&nbsp;inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The mean concentrations of PM10&nbsp;ranged from 206 to 308 &mu;g m&minus;3. The highest concentrations of pollutants were found in the major open-market&nbsp;part of the city, Addis Ketema. The lowest concentrations were found at the old-town, Arada sub-cities. The concentration of trace elements (Fe, Cd, As, Cr, Pb, B,&nbsp;Ni, Co, Sn, Cu, and Zn) bound in PM10 ranged from&nbsp;below detectable limit to 0.981 &mu;g m&minus;3. Regardless of&nbsp;the sampling sub-city, the overall patterns of the mean&nbsp;concentration of elements bound in PM10 were found in&nbsp;the following increasing order of Cr &lt; Cd &lt; As &lt; Co &lt;&nbsp;Ni &lt; Cu &lt; Fe &lt; Pb &lt; Sn &lt; B &lt; Zn &lt; Mn. The results&nbsp;showed that the primary source of Zn, Cr, and Cd may&nbsp;be emissions from on-road vehicles, tire and brake wear.&nbsp;Pb originates mainly from industries and suspended soil&nbsp;dust at the roadside, whereas As, Mn, and B are associated with dust resuspension and biomass and biofuel<br>\ncombustion, respectively. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks due to chronic exposure to trace&nbsp;elements bound in PM10 at the roadside were assessed&nbsp;in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection&nbsp;Agency (US EPA) guidelines. It was determined that&nbsp;Mn, As, and Cd contributed substantially to the inducement of non-carcinogenic health problems to children&nbsp;and adults as a result of exposure while in close proximity to the roadsides.</p>", 
  "license": "http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by", 
  "creator": [
    {
      "affiliation": "Woldia University, Ethiopia", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Asamene Embiale Taye, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi, Feleke Zewge Beshah, Endalkachew Sahle-Demessie"
    }
  ], 
  "headline": "Levels of trace elements in PM10 collected at roadsides of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and exposure risk assessment", 
  "image": "https://zenodo.org/static/img/logos/zenodo-gradient-round.svg", 
  "datePublished": "2019-04-25", 
  "url": "https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/record/9295", 
  "@context": "https://schema.org/", 
  "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.20372/nadre:9295", 
  "@id": "https://doi.org/10.20372/nadre:9295", 
  "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", 
  "name": "Levels of trace elements in PM10 collected at roadsides of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and exposure risk assessment"
}