May 1, 2017 Thesis Open Access

Tadele Tamiru

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    <subfield code="a">ASSOCIATION OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH RISK OF DIABETIC 2 AND ITS COMPLICATION AMONG PATIENTS VISITING BAHIRDAR FELEGEHIWOT REFERRAL HOSPITAL NORTH WEST, ETHIOPIA.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;Type 2 diabetes affect large population and able to develop micro and macrovascular complicati&lt;br&gt;
ons. There are many non- genetic and genetic factors or both are associated for the occurrence of&lt;br&gt;
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic complications. Genes of the renin angiotensin syst&lt;br&gt;
em angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism has been associated wi&lt;br&gt;
th the risk of type 2 diabetes and its complications. The aim of the present study was to&lt;br&gt;
investigate the association of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism, risk of type 2&lt;br&gt;
diabetes and its complications. A total of 222 subjects (111 T2DM and 111 healthy controls)&lt;br&gt;
were collected from Bahir Dar Felegehiwot referral hospital and Bahir Dar town, respectively by&lt;br&gt;
using non-probability purposive sampling techniques. Patients with T2DM were selected using&lt;br&gt;
non probability purposive sampling technique. Minidray fully automated analyzer was used for&lt;br&gt;
biochemical tests such as glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerol, urea and creatinine to assess the&lt;br&gt;
associated risk factors. The ACE I/D genotypes were identified by Polymerase chain reaction&lt;br&gt;
(PCR) using appropriate primers and PCR reaction conditions. The present study revealed that&lt;br&gt;
the frequency of DD genotype and D allele were higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to&lt;br&gt;
healthy controls (DD, 64.2% Vs 35.6% P &amp;lt; 0 .001) and ( D, 79.3% Vs 59.9% P &amp;lt; 0.001). DD&lt;br&gt;
genotype showed three fold increase risk towards T2DM as compared to II Genotype (OR:&lt;br&gt;
2.984, CI: 1.332 - 6.689, P &amp;lt; 0.02). The D allele carriers had five times high risk of getting&lt;br&gt;
diabetic as compared to I allele. (OR, D 2.178; CI: 1.168 &amp;ndash; 3.232 P &amp;lt; 0.001 Vs I OR, 0.459; CI:&lt;br&gt;
0.309 &amp;ndash; 0.681 P &amp;lt; 0.001). To determine whether ACE gene polymorphism was associated with&lt;br&gt;
diabetic complication, patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into diabetic hypertension,&lt;br&gt;
diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. The frequency of ACE DD genotype and D allele&lt;br&gt;
in patients with diabetic hypertension were significantly higher than T2DM patients (41.6% and&lt;br&gt;
60.4% Vs 19.5% and 37.8% P &amp;lt; 0.01). The frequency of ACE DD genotype and D allele in&lt;br&gt;
patients with diabetic retinopathy were also higher than T2DM patients (28.6% and 44.1% Vs&lt;br&gt;
19.5% and 37.8%). The frequency of ACE genotype in patients with diabetic nephropathy did&lt;br&gt;
not show significant association&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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