June 1, 2018 Thesis Open Access

Kaleab Bizuneh

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    "description": "<p>Heterogeneous catalyst plays a vital role in transesterification process, especially in view of cost<br>\nand reusability. In this study, heterogeneous solid base catalyst was prepared by impregnating the<br>\nwaste animal bone with different weight percent (wt%) KOH solution followed by drying and<br>\ncalcination at 900 &deg;C for 3 hr. Having screened the catalytic performance and basicity of animal<br>\nbone loaded with different K-compounds, 12 wt% KOH loaded on animal bone was chosen. The<br>\nphysico-chemical properties of animal bone, support and the KOH-impregnated calcined animal<br>\nbone catalyst were characterized by means of titration (for basicity of catalyst), Fourier Transform<br>\nInfra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy measurements.<br>\nThermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) was also performed for the selected catalyst. Catalytic<br>\nperformance of the catalyst was evaluated by transesterificating Jatropha oil with methanol in<br>\nbatch reactions. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM)<br>\nwas employed to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading and methanol to<br>\noil molar ratio on Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) yield. Maximum yield of 96.74% was obtained<br>\nat 11.56:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 5.08 wt% catalyst loading, 64.05 oC reaction temperature<br>\nand 500 rpm stirring speed in 3 hr reaction time. Reusability studies indicated that the prepared<br>\ncatalyst could be applied to at least three consecutive batches of the transesterification reaction<br>\nwithout any significant loss of activity</p>", 
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    "title": "UTILIZATION OF WASTE ANIMAL BONE AS A HETEROGENEOUS SOLID BASE CATALYST FOR TRANSESTERIFICATION OF JATROPHA OIL", 
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    "publication_date": "2018-06-01", 
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