July 14, 2025 Thesis Open Access

Yordanos Tarko

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{
  "DOI": "10.20372/nadre:8603", 
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Yordanos Tarko"
    }
  ], 
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025, 
        7, 
        14
      ]
    ]
  }, 
  "abstract": "<p>Liquid biofuels are a type of renewable energy that can be used for electricity generation and heating applications. Eucalyptus globulus leaves, a lignocellulosic biomass, contain a significant amount of cellulose suitable for biofuel</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p>production. This study focused on optimising liquid biofuel production from</p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n\n<p>Eucalyptus globulus leaves using hydro-distillation. Key steps included raw material collection, proximate analysis, and biofuel extraction. The optimisation process examined the effects of temperature, particle size, and extraction time, applying a Central Composite Design within the RSM framework. The final biofuel was then characterised to assess its quality. A proximate analysis of Eucalyptus globulus leaves was conducted and revealed the following composition: moisture content (9.47%), volatile matter (76.50%), ash content (1.05%), and fixed carbon (12.98%). The experimental result indicated a maximum liquid biofuel yield of 3.40% (ml/g) at 100&deg;C, 5 mm, and 3 hours. Under the optimum value predicted using the Central Composite Design model, the optimum yield of 3.32\u202f% (ml/g) was achieved at 104.71&deg;C, 4.45\u202fmm, and 3.71\u202fhours, and the validation value at the optimum parameter was 3.10\u202f% (ml/g). The produced liquid biofuel exhibited desirable physicochemical and fuel properties, including a pale yellow colour, density of 0.77&ndash; 0.90 g/mL, kinematic viscosity of 1.84&ndash;2.35 mm&sup2;/s, higher heating value of 37.54 MJ/kg, mass yield of 2.56%, energy density ratio of 1.82, energy yield of 46.60, acid value of 1.24&ndash;1.82 mg KOH/g, flash point of 132 &deg;C, and boiling point of 217.80 &deg;C. FTIR analysis revealed key functional groups, including O&ndash;H, C&ndash;H, C=O, C=C, and C&ndash;O. The findings suggest that hydro-distilled biofuel from EGL is a viable alternative energy source and could contribute significantly to addressing fuel shortages in rural areas.</p>", 
  "title": "Experimental Investigation of Essential Oil Extraction Using Hydro-Distillation from Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Globulus) Leaves for Liquid Biofuel Application", 
  "type": "thesis", 
  "id": "8603"
}