DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF COMPOSITE DRIVE SHAFT FOR LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLE, TO REDUCE THE VEHICLE WEIGHT

The research deal with a numerical investigation of the optimal composite drive shaft to optimize the drive shaft weight. The driveshaft is riveshaft is riveshaft is riveshaft is riveshaft is a vehicle component that carries torque torque from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rear from transmission to rearfrom transmission to rear-wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the twheel differential system. During the t wheel differential system. During the transmission of power ransmission of power ransmission of powerransmission of power ransmission of power ransmission of power ransmission of power, there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after there is a problem of failure after a long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, long run of the vehicle due to low specific stiffness, low strength low strength low strength low strength and high weight of the shaft of the shaft of the shaft of the shaft . The drive shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide shaft should be capable to provide smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds smooth power transmission at varying speeds of the ve the ve hicle. hicle. In this work, for a light vehicle, a single-piece drive shaft drive shaft drive shaft drive shaft was designed with AS4/3501-6 composite materialcomposite material composite material composite materialcomposite materialcomposite material composite material composite material that has high specific stiffness and strength to reduce the shaft weight and increase fuel efficiency. Particle swarm optimizationarticle swarm optimization article swarm optimization article swarm optimization article swarm optimizationarticle swarm optimization article swarm optimization article swarm optimization article swarm optimizationarticle swarm optimizationarticle swarm optimization article swarm optimization algorithm (PSOA) (PSOA) (PSOA) is utilized to optimize optimize optimize optimize optimize the composite drive shaft via optimizing optimizing optimizing optimizing optimizing the ply stacking sequence ply stacking sequenceply stacking sequenceply stacking sequence ply stacking sequenceply stacking sequenceply stacking sequence ply stacking sequenceply stacking sequenceply stacking sequenceply stacking sequence ply stacking sequence ply stacking sequence, thickness and number of ply. Besides, an attempt has been carried out to estimate deflection, stresses under subjected loads & natural frequencies using finite element analysis and the results are compared with SM45C conventional steel drive shaft to validate. The result shows that a weightweightweight weight -savingsavingsaving of AS4/3501-6 composite drive shaft is shaft is shaft is 74.62% of the steel% of the steel% of the steel % of the steel% of the steel % of the steel% of the steel % of the steel drive shaf shaft without reducing the performance. From this, the composite drive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage overdrive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage overdrive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage overdrive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage overdrive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage overdrive shaft has an advantage over drive shaft has an advantage over the steel drive steel drive steel drive steel drive shaft. shaft. 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