2026-06-10T12:50:04Z https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/oai2d

oai:zenodo.org:174 2024-08-13T15:58:18Z user-uog user-wu user-zenodo

Addis Getu, Mebratu Melaku, Yared Alemayehu 2014-10-08 Phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken ecotypes in the eastern Amahara, region Ethiopia https://zenodo.org/record/174 10.20372/nadre:174 oai:zenodo.org:174 doi:10.20372/nadre:173 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/uog url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken ecotypes in the eastern Amahara, region Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8308 2025-07-09T06:53:21Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mohammed Ahmed Siraj 2024-05-04 Various forage technologies have been introduced and disseminated in Amhara regional state, North Wollo zone, and selected district. However, the level of adoption was not satisfactory. Therefore, studying on perception and adoption of improved forage technology is found to be significant to understand the gap and put directions to improve adoption. The objectives of this study were analysing the perception and adoption of farmers’ decision to adopt improved forage technologies; level and intensity of adoption, and determinants related to forage adoption. The study used cross-sectional design. A multistage stratified sampling procedure was used to draw 177 sample households from three woreda and nine kebeles. Within the selected kebeles sample respondent households were stratified into two groups using a random sampling approach (adopters and nonadopters). In this particular study, both primary and secondary data were gathered. Interview, questionnaire, observations and focus group discussions were the main methods employed in data collection from sample households (76 adopters and 101 nonadopters). Descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the collected data. T-test and chi-test were used to determine factors affecting the decision of household towards adoption of improved forage technologies. The result of descriptive statistics revealed that out of 14 variables hypothesized, only 10, namely total landholding, forage material supply, rate of extension contact, training, participation on demonstration, age, education year, family size, number of livestock, and access to credit were found to be significantly affecting farmer’s decision to adopt improved forage technologies (P<0.05), while sex, marital status, membership to the local organizations and mobile ownership had not significant influence on adoption of improved forage (P>0.05). Farm size, free grazing; and awareness on the importance of forage another factor that limits level/intensity of adoption of forage technologies in selected districts. The awareness of farmers towards improved forage practice was 67.32%, but majority (57.06%) of the farmers still not adopted improved forage practice in the study districts. Improved forage development strategies that are practice in the study districts are alley cropping, backyard, intercropping, and forage development in irrigation. The adoption of production and utilization of improved forage to animal feed is low, only 42.09% of respondents are adopt improved technologies; the main challenges associated with adoption of improved forage technology are free grazing practice, small land size, lack of planting material/seed, and low access to irrigation facilities. The study recommended the supply of suitable forage varieties, training on how to produce forage without competing for scarce land, continuous follow-up on improved forage production, and access forage seeds with low costs. https://zenodo.org/record/8308 10.20372/nadre:8308 oai:zenodo.org:8308 doi:10.20372/nadre:8307 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/odc-by Adoption, Improved forage, Perception ANALYSIS OF THE PERCEPTION AND ADOPTION OF SMALLSCALE DAIRY FARMERS TOWARDS IMPROVED FORAGE AND PRODUCTION IN SELECTED DISTRICTS, NORTH WOLLO ZONE, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8293 2025-07-09T06:56:19Z user-zenodo user-wu

DESIYE MSIGIE 2025-07-09 The study was conducted in North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region; with the general objective of assessing the livestock forage balance using cross-sectional study design from November 2018 to May 2019. Three agro-ecological zone (AEZs); highland, midland and lowland were purposively selected from the study area. A total of seven kebeles and 384 respondents were selected by random sampling technique from the three AEZs. Semi-structured questioners, focusedgroup discussion, key informant interview and personal observation were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS, version 23). Analysis of variance with Tukey test was used for mean comparison of the quantitative variables while chi-square test was employed for significance level of qualitative variables. Accordingly, the overall average landholding per respondent in north Wollo zone was 1.79ha while the holding in the lowland, midland and highland AEZs found to be 1.86, 1.67, 1.80ha, respectively. The average livestock holding of a household in the lowland, midland and highland was 3.90, 4.06 and 4.56 TLU, respectively, with an overall average of 4.13 TLU. Households in the highland AEZ possessed significantly larger (P<0.05) number of TLU than the households in the other AEZs while no significant difference (P>0.05) was reported among AEZs in landholding size. The available feed sources ranked by the respondents in decreasing order includs straw, grazing land, hay, green fodder, maize and sorghum stover, bush and forest and concentrate. The overall average utilizable feed DM supply in the study area was estimated to be 4.74 ton with significantly higher (P<0.001) DM supply in the lowland (5.75 tons) than in the midland (4.02 tons) and highland (4.34 tons per respondent) areas. However, for year round feeding, the average DM demand of livestock in the lowland, midland and highland AEZs was 8.89, 9.26 and 10.41 tons per respondent, respectively with an overall average of 9.42 ton. Accordingly, feed DM supply in the lowland, midland and highland can satisfy only 64.7, 43.4 and 41.7% of the demand, respectively. There was a deficit of more than 45% DM supply in the study area. Detailed research work on adoptions and utilization of improved forage, non-conventional feed sources as well as determination of nutrient composition and digestibility of different available feed sources should be enacted. https://zenodo.org/record/8293 10.20372/nadre:8293 oai:zenodo.org:8293 doi:10.20372/nadre:8292 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/odc-by Agro-ecological zone, DM Feed supply, Tropical livestock unit ASSESSMENT OF MAJOR LIVESTOCK FORAGE RESOURCES AND FORAGE BALANCE IN NORTH WOLLO ZONE, AMHARA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8306 2025-07-09T06:57:45Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mekonnen Worie Alemu 2024-09-07 This study was conducted to assess the reproductive performance of HF cross bred dairy cows, artificial insemination service efficiency in urban and peri-urban areas of selected districts of North Wollo, Ethiopia. The study involved cross sectional survey, and retrospective study. The study was conducted at two production systems (peri-urban and urban). For this study, three woredas and six kebeles were selected purposively. A total of 198 respondents (119 from peri-urban and 79 from urban) were selected systematically random sampling from the six kebeles included in the study. he survey data was collected using a structured and semi-structured questionnaire whereas the retrospective study data were collected from the recorded book of the AITs centers covering the period from 2020 to 2022. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v.23) and statistical analysis system (SAS 9.4). The result showed that about 39.9% and 60.1% of urban and peri-urban beneficiaries, respectively, were literate. Mean herd size of crossbred dairy cows for urban and peri-urban households were 1.198± 4.4 and 1.501± 4.79, respectively. The major feed resources overall in the study area were grass hay(1st), Agro-industrial by product (2nd), crop residue (3rd) and improve forage (4th). The mean age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), day open (DO), Inter service interval (ISI)l, conception rate to first service (CRFS), number of service per conception (NSPC), and calving rate (CR) for urban and peri- urban dairy system were 24.51 ± 0.10, 26.94 ± 0.08, 34.10 ± 0.10, 36.94 ± 0.08, 12.12 ± 0.04, 14.21 ±0.30 months,70.27 ± 0.09, 83.14± 0.11, 24.34 ± 0.18, days, 64.79 ± 0.11, 64.33 ± 0.09 percent, 1.4 ± 0.05, 1.75 ± 0.04 numbers, and 55.5 ±0.12, 55.49 ± 0.1percent respectively. Both year and production system exerted significant (p<0.05) effect on AFS, AFC, CI, ISI, CRFS, and NSFC. Whereas year and season had significant effect (P<0.05) on CRFS and CR The overall reproductive performance of dairy cows in the current study was below the optimal level. Crossbred dairy cows in peri-urban systems had lower reproductive performance compared to urban. In the present finding the dairy farmers were able to heat detect their cows/heifers based on physical observing estrus signs namely, swollen red vulva (16.28%), mounting (15.1%), clear mucus discharge (20.81%), restlessness (15.84%), bellowing (15.84%) and loss of appetite (16.13%). time of insemination (1st), shortage of AITs (2nd), heat detection practices (3rd), Management practices (4th), lack of AIT skill (5th), farmer awareness (6th), a long distance from the center (7th), infertility (8th), shortage of AI inputs /semen and nitrogen (9th), and diseases and parasites (10th,. were the major constraints hindering AI service delivery system in the study area. therefore, concluded that the reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows in the area should be improved through appropriate heat detection, improved feeding system, introduction of proper data recording system, improved level of husbandry, and improved capacity of AI technicians. https://zenodo.org/record/8306 10.20372/nadre:8306 oai:zenodo.org:8306 doi:10.20372/nadre:8305 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Artificial Insemination determinants, Artificial Insemination efficiency, Crossbred dairy cows (HF X Zebu), Production systems, Reproductive performance ASSESSMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF HF CROSS BRED DAIRY COWS AND ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SERVICES EFFICIENCY UNDER SMALLHOLDER DAIRY PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN SELECTED DISTRICTS OF NORTH WOLLO, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8424 2025-07-09T12:57:14Z user-zenodo user-wu

Yohannes Workeaferahu Elifneh Temesgen Abebaw Wonda Yalew Alemayehu Abbay 2024-10-14 ABSTRACT As only little is known regarding University Social Responsibility (USR) in times of crisis from underdeveloped economies, this study explored the initiatives of four public universities in an underdeveloped country context to mitigate the COVID‑19 crisis by way of USR. A total of 70 interviews were conducted with the stakeholders of the universities. The study found out that the universities, indeed, managed to perform USR to their major stakeholders – employees (e.g., protected wages and salaries; and provided flexible work schedules), students (e.g., monitoring social distancing; and free transportation of students to their hometowns due to the lockdown), and local community (e.g., provided meals and sanitizers for disadvantaged members; and offered quarantine facilities). Yet, the concerns/challenges encountered were not only numerous, but they were also alarming; ranging from poor infrastructure to a focus on PR (visibility) as well as to engaging in unnecessary competition among the universities and repetitive interventions. Thus, the universities might need to reinforce and hone their USR practices in times of crisis, and beyond by being agile, innovative, and cooperative. In addition to extending USR studies to less explored territories; this study provides empirical evidence regarding USR in times of crisis (in light of COVID‑19) by exhibiting lessons from public universities in an underdeveloped country context. https://zenodo.org/record/8424 10.20372/nadre:8424 oai:zenodo.org:8424 doi:10.20372/nadre:8423 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by COVID-19; university social responsibility; stakeholders; underdeveloped country; universities; Ethiopia University social responsibility in times of crisis (COVID-19): lessons from public universities of an underdeveloped country info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8506 2025-07-14T14:28:44Z user-wu

Melese Abate Reta Nontuthuko Excellent Maningi Gizachew Yismaw Wubetu, Steve A. S. Olorunju P. Bernard Fourie 2024-04-08 Ethiopia is a high-tuberculosis (TB) burden country with 157 new cases per 100,000 people, with 23,800 TB-related deaths in 2020. In Ethiopia, TB patients have different healthcare-seeking behaviors. They frequently visit spiritual places, such as holy water sites (HWSs), to seek treatment for their illness spiritually. This study examined the prevalence of pulmonary TB (PTB) and drug susceptibility profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among spiritual HWS attendees in Northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to March 2020. Sputum samples were collected, processed, and cultured using Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) culture medium. Second-generation line probe assays (LPAs), GenoType ®MTBDRplus VER2.0 and GenoType®MTBDRsl VER2.0, were used to detect anti-TB drug-resistant isolates. STATA 17 was utilized to perform descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate regression analyses. Of 560 PTB-symptomatic participants, 21.8% (95% confidence interval (95 CI): 18.4–25.2%) were culture-positive, resulting in a point prevalence of 1,183/100,000 attendees. Amongst HWS attendees, culture-positive TB occurred most commonly in persons 18–33 years of age (28.5% (95 CI 23.4–34.3%)). Other participant characteristics significantly associated with culture-positive PTB were as follows: rural residents (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.65; 95 CI 1.38–5.10), married participants (aOR 2.43; 95 CI 1.28–4.63), family members >5 per household (aOR 1.84; 95 CI 1.04–3.24), and sharing living space (aOR 10.57; 95 CI 3.60–31.13). Also, among 438 participants followed for 12 months after showing negative TB culture results while at the HWS, 6.8% (95 CI 4.4–9.4%) developed or contracted culture-positive TB postresidency at the HWSs. Of the 122 tested isolates, 20 (16.4%) were isoniazid (INH) and/or rifampicin (RIF) resistant. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB was detected in 15 cases (12.3%), five of which were fluoroquinolone (FLQs) resistant. The findings from this study should raise a concern about HWSs as potential high-risk settings for TB transmission. It is recommended that appropriate control measures be instituted that include compulsory TB testing and tightened infection control at HWSs, where an increased risk exists for transmission of TB. https://zenodo.org/record/8506 10.1155/2024/3132498 oai:zenodo.org:8506 pmid:38623557 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Spiritual Holy Water Sites in Ethiopia: Unrecognized High-Risk Settings for Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8724 2025-07-15T11:59:53Z user-zenodo user-wu

Melese Abate Mekonnin Tesfa Ashete Adere 2018-10-18 Abstract Background: A lack of basic infrastructure and a low level of knowledge of hygiene and sanitary practices in catering establishments provide to outbreaks of food-borne diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the sanitary conditions of food and drink establishments in Woldia town, Northeastern Ethiopia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from January to June 2016. Two hundred and eight food and drink establishments were included through a systematic, simple, random selection method after a list of all the establishments was found from the town Trade and Industry Office. Trained enumerators use structured and pre-tested questionnaires to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). P <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical association. Results: Of the 208 food and drink establishments, 69% were involved in more than one type of food and drink service. Forty-eight (23%) of the establishments were not licensed. About 88% of the establishments have access to privately owned water pipes. The majority (81.3%) of the establishments had latrine facilities, and 63.5% and 84.6% disposed of their liquid waste and solid waste into open areas, respectively. Acceptable facilities for clients to wash their hands, and for kitchen staff to wash dishes and glasses, were found in 20.6%, 21.6% and 1.7% of establishments, respectively. The storage of food utensils (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.25-3.12), the storage of ready-to eat foods (OR = 2.94; 95% CI: 1.06-3.45) and cleanliness of food handlers’ gowns (OR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.11- 3.05) were better in establishments that were inspected (at least once in the past 6 months) by concerned bodies, compared to establishments that were not inspected. Conclusions and recommendations: We found that most of the establishments had low level of sanitary conditions. The main problems were the poor state of repair of kitchen and dining room floors; insufficient solid and liquid waste management; the lack of latrine facilities and poor latrine management; the lack of acceptable types of facilities for clients to wash their hands, and for kitchen staff to wash dishes and glasses. Food establishments that were checked frequently by regulatory authorities had good sanitary practices compared to non-inspected establishments. Regulatory bodies should conduct frequent inspection visits of food and drink establishments to encourage and assure good sanitation practices. https://zenodo.org/record/8724 10.20372/nadre:8724 oai:zenodo.org:8724 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8723 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Food and drink establishments, sanitary conditions, sanitary practice, Woldia town The sanitary conditions of food and drink establishments in Woldia town, Northeastern Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8718 2025-07-15T11:59:32Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mekdes Mengesha Jemberia; Elsa Tesfa Berhe; Hawi Bersisa Mirkena; Destaw Molla Gishen; Abera Endale Tegegne Melese Abate Reta 2018-03-21 Abstract Background: Neonatal mortality has persisted high in Ethiopia in spite of many efforts being applied to decrease this adverse trend. Early detection of neonatal illness is an important step towards improving newborn survival. Toward this end, there is a need for the mothers to be able to identify signs in neonates that signify severe illnesses. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge about neonatal danger signs and its associated factors among postnatal mothers attending at Woldia general hospital, Ethiopian. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January–May, 2017. The hospital that provides antenatal care (ANC), delivery, and postnatal services was purposively sampled. Structured interviewer managed questionnaire was administered to postnatal mothers attending Woldia general hospital. Frequencies, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were determined using the SPSS software (Version 20). Results: During the study period 197 mothers attending postnatal care (PNC) service at Woldia general hospital were interviewed. Information on different neonatal danger signs was not provided to 92(46.7%) postnatal mothers during their antenatal clinic attendance by the healthcare providers. The majority of mothers, 174(88.3%) identified less than six neonatal danger signs. The hotness of the body of neonates was the commonly recognized danger sign by 106(53.8%) postnatal mothers. Of the total mothers, 67(34%), 60(30.5%), 56(28.4%), 44(22.3%) recognized unable to breastfeeding, convulsion, lethargy, difficulty in breathing as newly born danger signs, respectively. Out of 197 mothers, 32(16.2%) were giving birth at home. Mother’s age(AOR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.99–3.08), marital status(AOR = 2. 50, 95% CI: 0.29–4.31), mother’s education status(AOR = 3.48, 95% CI:1.57–8.72), husband’s education(AOR = 4.92, 95% CI: 1.29–12.81), attending ANC (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.15, 4.85), mother’s residence(AOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.47–1.65), information about neonatal danger signs(AOR = 3.48, 95% CI 1.40–9.49) had positive association with maternal level of knowledge to identify different neonatal danger signs. Conclusion: Maternal knowledge level about neonatal danger signs was very low. Therefore, intervention modalities that focus on increasing level of parental education, access to ANC and PNC service are needed. https://zenodo.org/record/8718 10.1186/s40748-018-0073-5 oai:zenodo.org:8718 pmid:29568539 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Knowledge, Neonates, Danger signs, Associated factors, Postnatal mothers, Woldia Low level of knowledge about neonatal danger signs and its associated factors among postnatal mothers attending at Woldia general hospital, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8716 2025-07-15T12:00:21Z user-zenodo user-wu

Melese Abate Reta Tamrat Abebe Zeleke 2016-11-14 Abstract Background: Bacterial meningitis is still a major public health threat in developing countries. It is an overwhelming infection with a high morbidity and mortality rate, especially in neonates. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiological agents that cause bacterial neonatal meningitis at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 1189 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens submitted to the bacteriology laboratory of TASH for culture from 2001 to 2010. All newborns younger than 29 days old that were suspected for bacterial meningitis cases were included in the study. Results: Based on CSF culture, 56 newborns were identified as having bacterial meningitis from a total of 1189 suspected cases. The overall prevalence of neonatal bacterial meningitis from the total suspected cases was 4.7%. The organisms identified and their prevalence rates were Streptococcus pneumoniae 13 (23%), Escherichia coli 9 (16%), Acinetobacter 7 (13%), Neisseria meningitides 5 (9%), Klebsiella spp. 5 (9%), Staphylococcus aureus 3 (5%) and Streptococcus pyogen 3 (5%). There were two (4%) cases each that was caused by Coagulase-Negative-Staphylococcus and Non-Group-A-Streptococcus, while 1 (2%) caused by Haemophilus influenzae. S. pneumoniae was the main etiological agent identified from CSF culture. The male-to-female ratio was 1:0.88 (53% were male). The birth weights of 34 (61%) patients were under 2500 g, and 22 (39%) patients had normal birth weights. Twenty-seven (48%) were early onset cases, and 29 (52%) were late-onset. Conclusion: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the two main etiological agents for neonatal bacterial meningitis infection in the study area. https://zenodo.org/record/8716 10.1186/s40064-016-3668-1 oai:zenodo.org:8716 pmid:27917346 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Neonates, Bacterial meningitis, Streptococcus pneumonia, E. coli Neonatal bacterial meningitis in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: a 10-year retrospective review info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8714 2025-07-15T12:00:42Z user-zenodo user-wu

Biruk Beletew Abate Ayelign Mengesha Kassie Melese Abate Reta Gillian H. Ice Zelalem T. Haile 2020-10-23 Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global health problem. The epidemic is very serious in sub-Saharan Africa with approximately 70% of the global cases. The disease particularly affects youth, accounting for half of the new HIV infections yearly. Inadequate knowledge may contribute to the high rates among youth. Hence, the main aim of this study was to examine the association between residence and comprehensive HIV knowledge among women aged 15–24 years in Ethiopia. Methods: This cross-sectional study used nationally representative data from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey (n = 5926). Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression modeling were performed. Results: Approximately 23.9% of the study participants had a comprehensive HIV knowledge and 74.7% were rural residents. In the multivariable-adjusted model, we found a significant interaction between place of residence and HIV testing on comprehensive HIV knowledge (P for interaction = 0.005). In the subgroup analysis, a statistically significant associations between place of residence and comprehensive HIV knowledge was found only in women who have never been tested for HIV. In this subgroup, rural women had lower odds of having a comprehensive HIV knowledge compared to their urban counterparts (OR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.23–0.74; P = 0.003). Furthermore, in the subgroup of women who have never been tested for HIV, education and region were significantly associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge. Compared to women with no education, the odds of having a comprehensive HIV knowledge were higher in women who had primary (OR 2.86, 95% CI: 1.63–5.02; P < 0.001) and secondary or above education (OR 5.49, 95% CI: 2.92–10.32; P < 0.001), respectively. The odds of having a comprehensive HIV knowledge were lower in women from the Somali region compared to women from Addis Ababa region (OR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18–0.90; P = 0.027). Conclusions: Rural residence was negatively associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge only in women who have never been tested for HIV. These findings suggest that the development and implementation HIV education and awareness programs should target rural areas, especially where there is limited access to HIV testing. https://zenodo.org/record/8714 10.1186/s12889-020-09687-1 oai:zenodo.org:8714 pmid:33097014 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Comprehensive HIV knowledge, Young women, Residence, Demographic and health survey, Ethiopia Residence and young women's comprehensive HIV knowledge in Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8710 2025-07-15T12:00:50Z user-zenodo user-wu

Biruk Beletew Ayelign Mengesha Mesfin Wudu Melese Abate 2020-03-03 Abstract Background: Neonatal hypothermia is a global health problem and a major factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in low and middle-income countries. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of neonatal hypothermia and its associated factors in Eastern Africa. Methods: We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to search electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar; date of last search: 15 October 2019) for studies reporting the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal hypothermia. The data was extracted in the excel sheet considering prevalence, and categories of associated factors reported. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was used to estimate the magnitude and the effect size of factors associated with hypothermia. The subgroup analysis was done by country, year of publication, and study design. Results: A total of 12 potential studies with 20,911 participants were used for the analysis. The pooled prevalence of neonatal hypothermia in East Africa was found to be 57.2% (95%CI; 39.5–75.0). Delay in initiation of breastfeeding (adjusted Odds Ratio(aOR) = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.40–4.26), having neonatal health problem (aOR = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.21–4.15), being low birth weight (aOR =2.16; 95%CI: 1.03–3.29), being preterm(aOR = 4.01; 95%CI: 3.02–5.00), and nighttime delivery (aOR = 4.01; 95% CI:3.02–5.00) were identified associated factors which significantly raises the risk of neonatal hypothermia. Conclusions: The prevalence of neonatal hypothermia in Eastern Africa remains high. Delay in initiation of breastfeeding, having a neonatal health problem, being low birth weight, preterm, and nighttime delivery were identified associated factors that significantly raises the risk of neonatal hypothermia. https://zenodo.org/record/8710 10.1186/s12887-020-02024-w oai:zenodo.org:8710 pmid:32245438 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Neonates, Hypothermia, Determinants, Eastern Africa, Meta-analysis Prevalence of neonatal hypothermia and its associated factors in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8727 2025-07-15T12:00:03Z user-zenodo user-wu

Melese Abate Reta Birhan Alemnew Tamene Biruk Beletew Abate Eric Mensah Nontuthuko Excellent Maningi P. Bernard Fourie 2022-10-14 Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health issue, despite advances in diagnostic technologies, substantial global efforts, and the availability of effective chemotherapies. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a species of pathogenic bacteria resistant to currently available anti-TB drugs, is on the rise, threatening national and international TB-control efforts. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) in Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken using PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, the Web of Science, ScienceDirect electronic databases, and Google Scholar (1 January 2011 to 30 November 2020). After cleaning and sorting the records, the data were analyzed using STATA 11. The study outcomes revealed the weighted pooled prevalence of any anti-tuberculosis drug resistance, any isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) resistance, monoresistance to INH and RIF, and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in newly diagnosed and previously treated patients with TB. Results: A total of 24 studies with 18,908 patients with TB were included in the final analysis. The weighted pooled prevalence of any anti-TB drug resistance was 14.25% (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.05–21.44%)), whereas the pooled prevalence of any INH and RIF resistance was found in 15.62% (95%CI: 6.77–24.47%) and 9.75% (95%CI: 4.69–14.82%) of patients with TB, respectively. The pooled prevalence for INH and RIF-monoresistance was 6.23% (95%CI: 4.44–8.02%) and 2.33% (95%CI: 1.00–3.66%), respectively. MDR-TB was detected in 2.64% (95%CI: 1.46–3.82%) of newly diagnosed cases and 11.54% (95%CI: 2.12–20.96%) of retreated patients with TB, while the overall pooled prevalence of MDR-TB was 10.78% (95%CI: 4.74–16.83%). Conclusions: In Ethiopia, anti-tuberculosis drug resistance is widespread. The estimated pooled prevalence of INH and RIF-monoresistance rates were significantly higher in this review than in previous reports. Moreover, MDR-TB in newly diagnosed cases remained strong. Thus, early detection of TB cases, drug-resistance testing, proper and timely treatment, and diligent follow-up of TB patients all contribute to the improvement of DR-TB management and prevention. Besides this, we urge that a robust, routine laboratory-based drug-resistance surveillance system be implemented in the country. https://zenodo.org/record/8727 10.3390/tropicalmed7100300 oai:zenodo.org:8727 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; drug-resistance; MDR-TB; meta-analysis; Ethiopia Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug Resistance in Ethiopia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8720 2025-07-15T12:20:08Z user-zenodo user-wu

Abdurahman 2017-03-10 ተማሪዎች ሰፊ ንባብ በሚያነቡበት ጊዜ የንባብ ፍጥነታቸውን ለመጨመር ሲባል ቀለል ያሉና የሚያዝናኑ መፃህፍትን በመምረጥ እንዲያነቡ ይደረጋል፡፡ የዚህ የንባብ አይነት አላማ ተማሪዎችን በንባብ ክህሎት የተሻሉ ለማድረግ እንጂ በንባብ ቋንቋን ለማጥናት አይደለም፡፡ ተማሪዎች ሰፊ ንባብን በሚያነቡበት ጊዜ ትኩረት የሚሰጣቸውን ነጥቦች በአጭሩ ለመግለፅ ‹‹READ›› የሚለውን የእንግሊዝኛ ቃል ወስደን በእያንዳንዱ ፊደል ረፍተ ነገር በመመስረት የሚከተለውን ትንታኔ እናገኛለን፡፡ Read quickly - በፍጥነት ማንበብ፣ Enjoyably with - እየተዝናኑ፣ Adequate comprehension - በበቂ ግንዛቤ፣ በመሆኑም Don’t need a dictionary - መዝገበ-ቃላትን መጠቀም አያስፈልጋቸውም፡፡ ሰፊ ንባብን በፍጥነትና በቅልጥፍና ማንበብ ያስችል ዘንድ (ቢያንስ ለጀማሪ አንባቢያን በደቂቃ ከ150-200 ቃላት ማንበብ የሚችሉበት) ምንባቡ ቀላል መሆን አለበት፡፡ በየገጹ ብዙ የማይታወቁ ቃላት ካሉ ተፈጥሯዊ የሆነውን የአይን እንቅስቃሴ ስለሚገድብ ምንባቡን መረዳት ላይ ችግር ይፈጥራል፡፡ ይህ ደግሞ ንባቡ ሰፊ ንባብ ሳይሆን ትምህርታዊ ንባብ እንዲሆን ያደርገዋል፡፡ አንዳንድ ጊዜ ሰፊ ንባብ “ግሬድድ ሪደር” ወይም “የጸጥታ ንባብ” ይባላል፡ https://zenodo.org/record/8720 10.20372/nadre:8720 oai:zenodo.org:8720 doi:10.20372/nadre:8719 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/odc-by Extensive Reading Guide/የሰፊ ንባብ መምሪያ info:eu-repo/semantics/book publication-book

oai:zenodo.org:8312 2025-07-17T14:09:37Z user-wu

Derbie, Abebech 2023-03-30 Background: Diabetes is a common long-term health condition and is characterized by too much glucose in the blood. Medication non-adherence comprehends a wide range of behaviors whether they are encountered deliberately or not, leading to either underuse or overuse of medications prescribed. Despite the high prevalence and economic impact of diabetes, there are still a significant number of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients who are non- adherent to their prescribed medications. This can complicate the challenges of improving health in developing countries, and lead to waste and underutilization of already limited resources. Objective: To assess the prevalence of non-adherence to anti-diabetic medications and associated factors among adult Type 2 DM patients on follow up at North Wollo zone public hospitals, East Amhara, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted among 327 adult Type-II Diabetes Mellitus patients who are on follow up at North Wollo zone public Hospitals. data was collected using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Both COR and an AOR with 95 percent confidence interval were used to identify factors significantly associated with Non-adherence to anti diabetic medication. Finally, variables with P-value <0.05 were declared as statistically significant. Result: The overall prevalence of Medication non-adherence among the 327 type II DM patients included in the study was 24.5%. living <3 years since diagnosed with DM [AOR (95% CI); 3.37 (1.91,5.95)], rural residence [AOR (95% CI); 2.67 (1.49,4.79)], having comorbidities [AOR (95% CI); 2.99 (1.67,5.34)], and having no formal education [AOR (95% CI); 3.26 (1.49,7.16)] were those factors significantly associated with non-adherence to anti diabetic medications. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of non-adherence towards antidiabetic medications in this study was higher than WHO and Ethiopian MOH acceptable limit. Educational status, duration of diabetes, residence and the presence of comorbidities were significantly associated with non- adherence to antidiabetic medications. https://zenodo.org/record/8312 10.20372/nadre:8312 oai:zenodo.org:8312 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8311 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ Prevalence of non-adherence to anti diabetic medications and Associated factors among adult Type II DM patients on follow up at North Wollo zone public Hospitals, East Amhara, Ethiopia. info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8314 2025-07-17T14:10:16Z user-wu

Alem, Atnaf 2023-03-30 Background: Stillbirth is still a tragic reality that affects the normal life of women, the entire family and the country at large. In 2019, over 2 million infants worldwide were born at 28 weeks of pregnancy or later without showing any signs of life. However, stillbirth continues to be ignored and Specific stillbirth specific targets were absent from sustainable development goals. An inadequate understanding of the risk factors that cause the majority of stillbirths may impede efforts to lower the stillbirth rate. Objective: To identify determinants of stillbirth among women who gave birth in North Wollo Zone hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia, 2022 Methods: An institution-based unmatched case control study design was conducted among 412 (103 cases and 309 controls) mothers who gave birth in North Wollo Zone hospitals. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select both cases and controls of this study. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 25.0 statistical software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the independent predictors of stillbirth. The goodness of fit was tested using the Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as a statistically significant association. Results: In this study, 103 stillbirth cases and 309 controls were analyzed. Women with premature rapture of membrane (AOR = 5.53 [95% CI: 2.33–9.94]), induced onset of labor (AOR = 2.24 [95% CI: 1.24–4.07]), labor duration ≥24 h (AOR = 3.80 [95% CI: 1.94–7.45]), no partograph used to follow their labor (AOR = 2.45 [95% CI: 1.41–4.26]), preterm birth (AOR = 3.46 [95% CI: 1.87–6.39]), postterm birth (AOR = 3.47 [95% CI: 1.35–8.91), and carry a female fetus (AOR = 1.81 [95% CI: 1.02–3.22]) were found to be at higher risk of having stillbirth. Conclusions: Presence of premature rapture of membrane, induce onset of labor, labor duration ≥24 h, lack of partograph utilization, carrying female fetus, and prematurity and postmaturity were found the determinants of stillbirth. Therefore, conscious care for these pregnancies with complication like premature rapture of membrane, early identification of labor complications by using partograph and strong referral system for complicated and/or prolonged labors are required. Keywords: Determinant, North Wollo, Stillbirth, Northeast Ethiopia https://zenodo.org/record/8314 10.20372/nadre:8314 oai:zenodo.org:8314 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8313 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by DETERMINANTS OF STILLBIRTH AMONG WOMEN WHO GAVE BIRTH IN NORTH WOLLO ZONE HOSPITALS, NORTHEAST ETHIOPIA, 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8316 2025-07-17T14:11:27Z user-wu

ASEFE, BIRHAN 2023-03-30 Introduction – Opportunistic infections are infections occurring due to bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites that normally do not cause a disease, but become pathogenic when the body's defense system is impaired. Opportunistic infections associated with HIV infections are lower the quality of life of HIV infected persons, speed up the rate of progression to AIDS, reduce patients’ response to treatment and are usually associated with high medical care costs and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV/AIDS patients. However, studies regarding the magnitude of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults on ART are very limited. Objective - To assess the prevalence of opportunistic infections and its associated factors among HIV- infected adults on anti-retroviral therapy attending Woldia comprehensive specialized hospital. Methods - Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 405 HIV-infected adults from January 16, 2023 to February 16, 2023. A structured pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The study participants were selected by the systematic sampling technique. All variables with p-value of ≤ 0.25 in binary logistic regression were taken into multivariable model. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were calculated and variables having p value ≤ 0.05 in the multivariate analysis were taken as significant predictors. Results: A total of 405 HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy participated in this study with a response rate of 100%. The overall prevalence of opportunistic infections among HIV/AIDS patients on ART was 42.2% (95% CI; 37.4 - 47.2). The highest rates of OIs observed were tuberculosis (TB) (27.5%), followed by herpes zoster (25.2%), chronic diarrhea 15.2% and oral and/or esophageal thrush 14.04%. Age between 30-39 (AOR=3.46; 95% CI=1.78, 6.73), 40-49 years (AOR= 2.47; 95% CI, 1.21, 5.04), >= 50 years ( 3.09; 95% CI, 1.19, 8.03), being on WHO clinical stage III ( AOR= 4.63; 95% CI, 2.67, 8.04), Stage IV (AOR=6.63; 95% CI=3.29, 13.35), having CD4 count <= 200 cells/mm3 (AOR=1.91; 95%CI = 1.15, 3.18), chat chewers (AOR= 1.72;95% CI= 1.07, 2.76) and being ambulatory ( AOR= 2.18;95%CI; 1.02, 4.63) were predictors of opportunistic infections. Conclusion: In this study, a high rate of OIs was observed compared with previous studies. Age of respondents, chat chewing, WHO clinical stage III and IV, CD4 count less than or equal to 200 cells/mm3 and being ambulatory were found to be predictors of OIs. More attention should be given to those who have low CD4 count and advanced WHO clinical staging. Key words: Opportunistic infection, HIV infected patients, ART, Woldia comprehensive specialized hospital https://zenodo.org/record/8316 10.20372/nadre:8316 oai:zenodo.org:8316 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8315 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by PREVALENCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HIV-INFECTED ADULTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN WOLDIA COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, NORTH WOLLO, ETHIOPIA, 2023 info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8318 2025-07-17T14:21:44Z user-wu

ABRHAM, RIBKA 2024-01-30 Abstract Introduction: The continuum of care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period is essential for improving maternal and neonatal health. However, Ethiopia has one of the lowest completion rates for the maternal continuum of care compared to other sub-Saharan African countries. This shows the need for targeted interventions to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes. Objective: To assess maternal continuum of care and its determinants among mothers who gave birth in Habru district, North Wollo, northeast Ethiopia, in 2024. Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 429 mothers who gave birth in the last six months, selected using multistage sampling and simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression, with statistical significance declared at p<0.05. For the qualitative component, a phenomenological study design was employed, using key informant interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). Thematic analysis was applied to identify determinants of maternal continuum of care. Results: The study revealed that only 92 (45.8%) mothers completed the maternity continuum of care. Factors associated with higher CoC completion included being older than 24 years (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.4), having secondary or higher education (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6–4.0), planned pregnancies (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4–3.0), and exposure to mass media (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7) were factors associated with maternal continuum of care. Qualitative findings highlighted transportation challenges, long distances to health facilities, and indirect costs as major barriers to completing the maternal continuum of care. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study identified a low rate of maternal continuum of care completion in the district. To address this, targeted interventions are recommended, including improving access to maternal education, promoting family planning, enhancing health communication through mass media, and addressing financial and transportation barriers. Strengthening health service delivery and fostering respectful, culturally sensitive care are also crucial to improving maternal and newborn health outcomes. key words: Maternal continuum of care, determinants, antenatal care, postnatal care, Ethiopia. https://zenodo.org/record/8318 10.20372/nadre:8318 oai:zenodo.org:8318 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8317 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by MATERNAL CONTINUUM OF CARE AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG MOTHER WHO GAVE BIRTH IN HABRU DISTRICT, NORTH WOLLO NORTHEAST ETHIOPIA, 2024: A MIXED METHOD STUDY info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8324 2025-07-17T14:24:05Z user-wu

Getachew, Meseret 2025-01-30 ABSTRACT Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy has dramatically reduced human immunodeficiency virus related morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected individuals. One of the major HIV related challenges around the world is the significant percentage of people living with HIV start therapy at delayed stage despite of the availability of ART, which has negative impacts on the quality of life and more transmission of HIV infection. Objective: Assessing the prevalence of delayed ART initiation and associated factors among HIV-infected children at Dessie and Kombolcha selected public health facilities Ethiopia, 2025. Method: A facility-based Cross-sectional study design was conducted from August15 to October 30 2024 at Dessie and Kombolcha town-selected public health facilities. The sample size for this study was 422. Data was collected through an interviewer-administered pre-tested questionnaire and the collected data was entered into EPI-data 4.7.0 and analyzed using STATA 15 statistical software. Variables that had a p-value of ≤ 0.25 in bi-variable analysis were considered as candidates for multi-variable regression analysis. Adjusted Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was estimated to measure the strength of association between dependent and predictor variables. Results: The overall proportion of delayed ART initiation among children less than 15 was 44.2% (95% CI: 39.47 - 49.04%). The finding of the study indicated that the variables of rural residences [AOR = 2.44; 95% CI: (1.12, 5.32)], base line CD4+ ≥ 350cells/mm3 [AOR = 20.09, 95% CI: (8.76, 46.04)], hemoglobin level at base line ≥ 10 mg/dl [AOR = 18.42; 95% CI: (6.99, 48.56)], taking medication prior to ART initiation [AOR = 2.67; 95% CI: (1.19, 6.00)], and children with past OI [AOR = 2.36; 95% CI: (1.04, 5.36)] had increased the log odds of delayed ART initiation of HIV-infected children. However, the other variables such as baseline viral load ≥ 1000 [AOR = 0.06; 95% CI: (0.02, 0.13)], child has primary caregiver [AOR = 0.35; 95% CI: (0.14, 0.87)], and household residence locate near to hospital [AOR = 0.33; 95% CI: (0.14, 0.74)] had decrease the log odds of delayed ART initiation of HIV-infected children. Conclusion and Recommendations: Nearly half of the children were delayed ART initiation among children on ART follow up at Dessie and Kombolcha town public health facilities. The factor variables such as residence, child has primary caregiver, baseline CD4 count, hemoglobin level , baseline viral load, taking any medication before ART initiation, child have past OI at ART enrollment, and households residing locate near to hospital were predictors of delayed ART initiation of HIV-infected children. Health care workers better to focus on early HIV testing mechanisms and timely linkage to HIV care by advocating “Test-and-Treat” should be strengthened. The government better to encourage service availability of rural residence. The health facility ART clinic staffs to have strict monitoring and early initiation of ART on CLHIV. Keywords: Delayed ART Initiation, HIV-Positive Children, Dessie-Kombolcha https://zenodo.org/record/8324 10.20372/nadre:8324 oai:zenodo.org:8324 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8323 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Prevalence of Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Its Associated Factors Among HIV-Infected Children at Dessie and Kombolcha Town Selected Public Health Facilities, South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8320 2025-07-17T14:22:32Z user-wu

GOSHU, HAILEMARIYAM 2025-01-30 Abstract Introduction: Risky sexual behaviors significantly contribute to HIV infection. In Ethiopia, street youth are especially vulnerable due to limited healthcare and economic instability, highlighting a critical knowledge gap regarding the factors driving these behaviors. Objective: This study aimed to assess risky sexual behavior for HIV infection and its associated factors among street youth in Dessie town, South Wollo zone, Amhara region, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based quantitative cross-sectional study was employed from August 25 to September 24, 2024, involving 421 street youth selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via structured interviews and analyzed with STATA version 15. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant in the multivariable model. Result: A total of 382 respondents, with a response rate of 90.74%, participated in the study. The prevalence of risky sexual behavior for HIV infection among street youth was 56.81% (95% CI: 52.67-61.83). Several factors were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior, including age [AOR = 2.57, 95% CI (2.69–6.83)], social network size [AOR = 3.84, 95% CI (1.89–7.62)], substance use [AOR = 4.92, 95% CI (2.01–9.56)], poor HIV risk perception [AOR = 4.53, 95% CI (2.69–7.81)], low sexual self-concept [AOR = 1.39, 95% CI (1.26–5.21)], and negative attitudes toward condom use [AOR = 2.64, 95% CI (1.49–5.76)]. Conclusion and recommendations: The ever-growing population of street youth engaging in risky sexual behavior to aid HIV infection highlights the necessity of targeted interventions. Sexual education that suits the appropriate age group is paramount together with peer-to-peer campaigns that encourage healthy behaviors within their circles. This further encompasses the use of integrated HIV prevention interventions that cut across substance use in an effort to reduce risky sexual practices. Changing attitudes towards HIV infection requires an understanding of how it is transmitted, the elimination of false beliefs, and building a suitable self-esteem necessary for making healthy sexual choices. Furthermore, education must promote the use of condoms and not stigmatize them. https://zenodo.org/record/8320 10.20372/nadre:8320 oai:zenodo.org:8320 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8319 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG STREET YOUTH IN DESSIE TOWN, SOUTH WOLLO ZONE, AMHARA REGION, NORTHEAST ETHIOPIA, 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8322 2025-07-17T14:23:23Z user-wu

Setu, Hussein 2024-12-31 Background: Short inter-pregnancy interval (< 24 months) has a negative effect on perinatal outcomes such as congenital anomalies, developmental delay, preterm birth, low birth weight and neonatal death and maternal complications like preeclampsia, anemia, cervical insufficiency, antepartum hemorrhage and premature rupture of membrane. However, there is paucity of evidences on the prevalence of short inter-pregnancy interval and its determinant factors in in study area. Objective: To assess the prevalence of short inter-pregnancy interval and its associated factors among pregnant mothers in Mersa town, North wollo zone, Ethiopia, 2024. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mersa town, North Wollo zone, North East Ethiopia from July 15/2024 up to September 15/2024 G.C. A total of 345 pregnant mothers were included. SPSS software version 25 was used to enter and analyze the data. A binary logistic regression model was computed to identify the associated factors. Variables with a P-value less than or equal to 0.25 in bivariable analysis were subjected to multi-variable analysis. An adjusted odd ratio with a two-sided p-value of p <0.05 with a 95% CI were statistically significant. Finally, the results were presented using text, graphs, and tables. Results: The overall prevalence of short inter-pregnancy interval (<24 months) among pregnant women was 157 (45.5%) with 95% CI: 37.8 to 48.4%. Being over 30 years of age at first birth (AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 2.12–6.01), non-use of modern contraceptive (AOR = 4.05; 95% CI: 3.82–10.34), duration of breastfeeding for less than 12 months (AOR = 3.64; 95% CI: 1.43–4.56), unintended pregnancy (AOR=4.51; 95% CI: (2.48-6.14), no formal education (AOR=4.44 (1.20-9.10) and sex of child being female (AOR = 0.022 ; 95% CI: 0.008– 0.055) were independently associated factors with short inter-pregnancy interval Conclusion: Despite ongoing public health interventions in Ethiopia, the prevalence of short inter-pregnancy intervals observed in this study remained high. To address this challenge, enhancing the uptake of modern contraceptives and strengthening health education efforts at both health facility and community levels could play a crucial role. Key words: Short Interpregnancy Interval, Maternal Health, Associated Factors, pregnancy, Mersa Town https://zenodo.org/record/8322 10.20372/nadre:8322 oai:zenodo.org:8322 handle:N/A doi:10.20372/nadre:8321 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ PREVALENCE OF SHORT INTERPREGNANCY INTERVAL AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT MOTHERS IN MERSA TOWN, ETHIOPIA 2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:9361 2025-07-17T15:22:41Z user-zenodo user-wu

Belay Asmare Aragaw Kefelegn Tesfaye 2025-03-23 Targeting civilians is increasingly common in both interstate and intrastate armed conflicts. While there is extensive literature explaining why armed groups in civil conflicts target civilians-often those they may need for future support-this dynamic remains underexplored in the context of the Northern Ethiopian war of post-2018. Despite various studies detailing the harm inflicted by TPLF armed groups on the Amhara people, the motivations behind their targeting of Amhara civilians are not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the reasons behind the aggression towards civilian Amharas by Tigrian armed groups in the intra- state war in northern Ethiopia. Through interviewing individual victims, TPLF-ex-combatants directly, experts in the field, and analyzing diverse literary sources, the research uncovered that the civilian attacks were motivated by historical anti-Amhara narratives, the TPLF’s oppressor-oppressed narrative, the TPLF’s inherent nature of attacking civilians, and the utilization of such attacks as a military strategy to enhance its bargaining position in the conflict. The research findings suggest that most of the violence inflicted on civilian Amharas by Tigrian armed groups during the northern Ethiopian conflict were due to the TPLF’s effective promotion of anti-Amhara narratives and propaganda among these groups, and the armed group’s use of civilian violence as a war strategy to build their bargaining power. Therefore, the research recommends collaboration between elites and scholars in order to expose and create an opposing argument against the anti-Amhara narratives and demonization spread by outsiders and sustained by the TPLF within the country. The authorities should work to dismantle the divisive barrier among Ethiopians, erected by external forces and the TPLF, by fostering authentic national harmony and forgiveness, highlighting the importance of establishing fundamental values that can bring the country’s diverse population together. https://zenodo.org/record/9361 10.20372/nadre:9361 oai:zenodo.org:9361 doi:10.20372/nadre:9360 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/odc-by Targeting the unarmed: Why Tigrian armed groups committed violence against civilian Amharas during the war in northern Ethiopia? info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:9357 2025-07-17T15:22:21Z user-zenodo user-wu

Erstu Tarko Kassa 2021-02-16 Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to investigate factors that influence taxpayers to engage in tax evasion. The researcher used descriptive and explanatory research design and followed a quantitative research approach. To undertake this study, primary and secondary data has been utilized. From the target population of 4979, by using a stratified and simple random sampling technique, 370 respondents were selected. To verify the data quality, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted for each variable measurements. After factor analysis has been done, the data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The finding of the study revealed that the relationship between the study independent variables with the dependent variable was positive and statistically significant. The regression analysis also indicates that tax fairness, tax knowledge, and moral obligation significantly influence taxpayers to engage in tax evasion, and the remaining moral obligation and subjective norms were not statistically significant to influence taxpayers to engage in tax evasion. https://zenodo.org/record/9357 10.20372/nadre:9357 oai:zenodo.org:9357 doi:10.20372/nadre:9356 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Tax evasion, Tax knowledge, Tax fairness, Moral obligation Factors influencing taxpayers to engage in tax evasion: evidence from Woldia City administration micro, small, and large enterprise taxpayers info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:9369 2025-07-17T15:48:35Z user-zenodo user-wu

Erstu Tarko Kassa 2021-07-17 Abstract This study aims to investigate the socioeconomic determinant factors that affect the growth of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in North Wollo and Waghimira Zone selected towns. In this study, a cross-sectional research design with both descriptive and explanatory research design has been employed, and 303 owners of enterprises have participated. The towns were selected purposely, and the respondents were also selected by using a simple random sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using STATA v-14 and applied descriptive and binary logistic regression analysis (odds ratio). The finding of the study revealed that age of the owner, access to finance, family business background, and interest rate most likely affect the growth of the enterprises with the statistically significant level. On the contrary, entrepreneurship training, the experience of the owner, the inflation rate, and competition less likely affect the growth of the enterprises with a statistical significant level. The remaining factors such as gender of the owners, education background, business age, business type, business location, social responsibility, tax rate, and social attitude were not statistically significant to determine the growth of MSEs. https://zenodo.org/record/9369 10.20372/nadre:9369 oai:zenodo.org:9369 doi:10.20372/nadre:9368 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Socioeconomic determinants of micro and small enterprise growth in North Wollo and Waghimira Zone selected towns info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:8743 2025-07-20T12:23:20Z user-zenodo user-wu

BIRHAN TESFAYE 2024-09-10 ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to assess the Determinants of Women Entrepreneur Performance in MSEs in case of Gubalafto District. This study tried to fill the some knowledge gaps and aiming to examine the main objectives. Growing interest in women‘s entrepreneurship, their success rates remain low and insignificant, with a significant dropout rate (50%) in the Amhara region. Thus, understanding the reasons behind these dropouts is vital, and many of the previous studies have largely focused on major towns of the country and as a country level, neglecting the small towns and rural context. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in the study and the data were taken from primary data sources and used 167 WE engaged by census sampling techniques. After the data has been collected, it was analyzed used descriptive statistics and econometric model used. The study found that educational level, working experience, marital status, access to finance, infrastructure, raw material, free market competition, work place ownership, gender inequality, business training, effects of civil war and access to information technology are statistically significant forecasters of women performance in the study area. All these variables (Except business training, gender inequality and effects of civil war) are positively stimulating WE performance. Conclusion of the study, WE performance in terms of profitability indicated that women owned business is profitable 38.32% and women-owned business is not profitable 61.68% in the study area. The researcher also recommends that concerning body on MSEs should give more attention in order to encourage women entrepreneur performance providing access of finance, infrastructure, raw material, gender equality and workplace ownership. https://zenodo.org/record/8743 10.20372/nadre:8743 oai:zenodo.org:8743 doi:10.20372/nadre:8742 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Women Entrepreneur; Performance; MSEs; Rural Area; Binary logistic regression model; Marginal Effect Analysis Determinants of Women Entrepreneur Performance in Micro and Small Enterprise (The Case of Gubalafto District, Amhara, Ethiopia) info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8741 2025-07-20T12:29:13Z user-zenodo user-wu

BELETE TESFAYE WORKU 2024-10-10 ABSTRACT This study examined the macroeconomic determinants of unemployment in Ethiopia over a period of 1994 to 2023 by investigating the empirical relationship between unemployment (UN), real gross domestic product (RGDP), net foreign direct investment (NFDI), external debt (ED), Exchange rate (EXCR), inflation rate (INFR) and POPULATION(POP) using Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model. The result reveals that RGDP, NFDI and POP affect unemployment negatively in the short run while ED,INFL and ER have positive relation with unemployment and the variables ED,EXCR and POP are statistically significant at 5% level in the short run. However, in the long run, only RGDP and ED are negatively related with unemployment and statistically significant. The effect of economic growth is higher than other determinants in short run and long run. The relationship between unemployment and inflation rate is negative in the short run and positive in the long run which implies Phillips curve exists only in the short run. It is recommended that policies and strategies focusing on increasing economic growth focusing on agriculture, improving trade balance through devaluing domestic currency relative to foreign currency, enhancing infant domestic industries instead of attracting FDI, reduce external loan, control inflationary problem, investing in modernizing labor market service provision are crucial and that government should give due attention to reduce unemployment in Ethiopia https://zenodo.org/record/8741 10.20372/nadre:8741 oai:zenodo.org:8741 doi:10.20372/nadre:8740 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by unemployment, determinants, macroeconomic, ARDL MACROECONOMIC DETERMINANT OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8745 2025-07-20T12:22:39Z user-zenodo user-wu

HENOK MELKAM DAMTIE 2024-09-10 ABSTRACT This paper aims to analysis the contribution of urban agriculture to food security among urban households in woldia city, north wollo zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Data was collected from 230 sampled households through structured questionnaire and key informant interviews, and a descriptive technique and a binary logit model were used for analysis. The results indicate that approximately 24.35% of the sample households are food secure, while 75.65% are food insecure. The binary logistic regression model results revealed that sex of the household head marital status of the household head, dairy production, use of poultry production off-farm income and total farm income from urban agriculture had a positive and statistically significant relationship with the level and likelihood of food security from urban agriculture, while age of the household head, educational level of the household head, access to agricultural inputs, size of cultivated land had and use of improved seed a positive but statistically insignificant relationship with the level and likelihood of food security from urban agriculture whereas, household family size a negative but statistically significant relationship at (5%) significance level and likelihood of food security from urban agriculture, suggests that there should be crop and animal diversification as an approach to meet the dietary need of the urban people in order to address food insecurity. The study also recommends that there should be capacity building exercises amongst the urban farmers. The government, community and all stakeholders should take an initiative in supporting urban agriculture which could be a realistic solution to food insecurity https://zenodo.org/record/8745 10.20372/nadre:8745 oai:zenodo.org:8745 doi:10.20372/nadre:8744 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Food security; urban agriculture; logit Model; woldia City THE CONTRIBUTION OF URBAN AGRICULTURE TO FOOD SECURITY EVIDENCE FROM WOLDIA CITY, NORTH WOLLO ZONE, AMHARA REGION, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8733 2025-07-20T12:39:26Z user-zenodo user-wu

SETEGN DEMLIE YIMAM 2024-06-10 Abstract This study analyzed the determinants of the adoption rate of improved agricultural technologies among farmers in Gubalafto woreda and the impact of adoption rate of technology on the welfare of households in the study area. The data used for the study were obtained from 343 randomly selected sample households in the study area. Multiple linear regression model was employed to analyze the determinants of farmers’ decisions to adopt modern technologies. Regression result shows that from eleven explanatory variables nine variables such as sex of HH, family size, education level, social network, income, extension service, credit service, Market distance and farm size are significant at 5%level of significance. Except Market distance all significant variables affected adoption rate positively. Based on these findings it is recommended that the zonal and the woreda leaders extension agents farm and education experts, policy makers and other development oriented organizations have to plan in such a way that the farm households in the study area will obtain sufficient education, credit accessibilities and also have to train farmers to make them understand the benefits obtained from adopting the new technologies. These bodies have also to arrange policy issues that improve farm labor participation of household members and also to arrange the ways in which farmers obtain means of income outside farming activities. https://zenodo.org/record/8733 10.20372/nadre:8733 oai:zenodo.org:8733 doi:10.20372/nadre:8732 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Agriculture, Farm household, Technology Adoption rate, multiple linear regression models DETERMINANTS OF THE ADOPTION RATE OF IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES AMONG FARMERS" IN CASE OF GUBALAFTO WOREDA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8737 2025-07-20T12:52:49Z user-zenodo user-wu

ARAGAW ADDIS GETNET 2024-10-06 ABSTRACT Enhancing economic growth and in turn development requires reducing outflow of resources as a result of excess import over export. To improve export performance identifying its determinant factors has paramount importance. Hence the main aim of this study was examining effects of real effective exchange rate volatility on export performance in Ethiopia by applying annual time series data from the period 1980 to 2020 accounting 41 years samples. To do so an auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) estimation techniques was employed. In the short run all independent variables except financial development have negative significant effect on export performance. While financial development has positive significant effect. The coefficient of error correction model is negative and it is statistically significant indicating short run deviation from long run equilibrium is not persistent and it adjusts towards equilibrium at a speed of 67.6% per year. In the long run real effective exchange rate has negative significant effect and the bound test confirms the presence of long run co-integration between variables. On the other hand, credit to private sector, trade liberalization, and GDP growth have positive significant effect on export performance in the long run, but external debt has insignificant effect. Based on the results the researcher recommends that to improve export performance government and national bank of Ethiopia can adjust both saving and lending interest rate policies. in addition, providing sufficient loan to export industries that diversifies and facilitates the shift towards the export of semi-finished and manufactured goods would be indispensable. Finally keeping the track of international exchange rate adjustment is crucial and the government of Ethiopia need to improve export performance through allocating the borrowed money in to high return investment and investing on industries that can substitute the imported goods. https://zenodo.org/record/8737 10.20372/nadre:8737 oai:zenodo.org:8737 doi:10.20372/nadre:8736 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Export performance; financial development; ARDL; Ethiopia EFFECT OF REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN ETHIOPIA: AN ARDL APPROACH info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8739 2025-07-20T13:14:02Z user-zenodo user-wu

ROBEL WUDU 2024-09-10 Abstract It is widely acknowledged that Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) play a pivotal role in job creation and income generation. Nevertheless, the contribution of MSEs within Woldia town is notably limited. Consequently, this research was conducted to examine the role of MSEs in Woldia town by employing descriptive statistics alongside an econometric model of multiple linear regressions. Both primary and secondary data sources were utilized to obtain the requisite information for the analysis presented in this study. A total of 279 sample respondents were selected through a stratified sampling methodology. The findings of the study indicate that a predominant proportion of MSEs are newly established and confront challenges such as insufficient startup capital, governmental policies and regulatory factors, inadequate infrastructure facilities, unfair competition, a lack of training opportunities, restricted access to credit, and a deficiency in the know-how and skills necessary for technological utilization. In addition, the study revealed that the majority of the operators comprised adult males with educational qualifications of degree or diploma. The results of the linear regression analysis demonstrated that among ten variables, factors such as access to credit, provision of workplace, marketing assistance, business development services, provision of integrated support, improved, entrepreneurship and skill development, access to information and networks, and technical training for operators were statistically significant in influencing the income status of MSEs. Therefore, it is imperative that policymakers and relevant stakeholders devote attention to the formulation of supportive programs and corrective measures aimed at alleviating the constraints and challenges that hinder the role of MSEs. https://zenodo.org/record/8739 10.20372/nadre:8739 oai:zenodo.org:8739 doi:10.20372/nadre:8738 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Roles of microse and small enterprises, multiple linear regression model, Woldia Town THE ROLE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN EMPLOYMENT CREATION AND INCOME GENERATION: A CASE STUDY OF WOLDIA CITY AMHARA REGION ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8722 2025-07-20T13:12:40Z user-zenodo user-wu

Adane Mekonen 2024-06-10 ABSTRACT Agriculture remains the main activity in the Ethiopian economy being the most susceptible sector to climate change. This study was initiated to analyze the effect of climate change on crop productivity and livestock production, and assess perception and adaptation strategies of farmers in Raya Kobo Woreda.. Climate data (1990-2019) and crop data from 2010-2019 were collected from the National Meteorology Agency of Ethiopia (NMA) and agricultural office of the woreda respectively. Data on farmers’ perception of climate change and adaptation strategies used in the study area were collected from 322 household heads using structured questionnaire. Descriptive and Inferential statics were used to check the relationship between climate variables and agricultural production. Meteorological analyses of climate variability results, which demonstrated a statistically significant increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall in the study area. The results of analysis showed rainfall and temperature contribute significant variations in the yield of the selected items in the study area. Livestock Production in Raya kobo Woreda were also appeared inconsistent as shown with coefficient of variation 30%, 24%, 26%, 36% 44% and 22% for oxen, Cows Sheep Goat, camel and chicken respectively. Perception analysis indicated that most of the respondents perceived long-term variability in pattern of rainfall and temperature. The current result revealed that when the annual rainfall diverges from its long run mean, the level of production of all crops and livestock diminished significantly. Extreme temperature had also diminished the productivity of livestock and crop. Thus, it is concluded that extreme temperature and rainfall were an inevitable treat to crop and livestock production in the study area. Thus, to sustain economic growth and reduce those risks, farmers intensify adaptation and mitigation measures such as s oil and water conservation, livelihood diversification environmental rehabilitation, irrigation and water harvesting schemes, planting trees, mixed cropping, using resistant varieties and small irrigation. https://zenodo.org/record/8722 10.20372/nadre:8722 oai:zenodo.org:8722 doi:10.20372/nadre:8721 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Adaptation, Climate change, Crop production , Livestock THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CASE OF KOBO WOREDA, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8712 2025-07-20T13:19:55Z user-zenodo user-wu

NEBRO HAILU KEBEDE 2022-07-10 ABSTRACT Now days, the growth of youth unemployment is one of the critical socio-economic problems facing Ethiopia. It creates many economic and social problems in the economy. The intensity of the problem is high in urban areas in general, woldia town in particular where youth face serious difficulty in getting employment. The objective of the study is to identify the determinants of youth unemployment in Woldia Town, North Wollo Zone, and Amhara Region. To achieve its objective both primary and secondary data source were used. The primary data was collected from 203 sample youths through structured questioner from six kebele of the town. The researcher used multi -stage stratified sampling technique. The data analysis was conducted by using descriptive analysis and econometrics (binary logit regression analysis) to come up with the results. From the collected data out of 203 sample youths 114 (56.16%) are employed and the rest 89 (43.84%) unemployed. From the total 89 unemployed respondents 64 (71.9%) of respondents are characterized as belonging to frictional unemployment, 12 (13.5%) structural unemployment and the rest 13(14.5%) to cyclical unemployment type. It can be discerned from these figures that the majority of unemployed (about 85.5%) suffer from the long run unemployment. The study also employed binary logit model to identify determinants of youth unemployment. Accordingly the findings of the study show that the predictors gender, job preference and household size have positive and significant effects on youth unemployment at 5 percent level of significant. The rest predictors, namely, education level of the youth, job training, access to social network ,parental education access to credit service ,household income ,migration status, age, work experience and marital status of youths affect youth unemployment negatively and significantly at 5 percent level of significant. Based on the findings several recommendations are made. It is recommended that more focus be given on development interventions targeting the long run unemployment (frictional and structural unemployment). It is also important to facilitate and step up the private sector investment, accesses of credit service, youth training. The task of fighting youth unemployment cannot be done by the government alone so there is a need to galvanize all concerted efforts from all actors. https://zenodo.org/record/8712 10.20372/nadre:8712 oai:zenodo.org:8712 doi:10.20372/nadre:8711 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Unemployment, Youth, Binary Logit, Woldia Town DETERMINANTS OF YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IN WOLDIA TOWN, NORTH WOLLO ZONE, AMHARA REGION info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8735 2025-07-20T13:15:51Z user-zenodo user-wu

TEMESGEN BAHIRU 2024-06-10 Abstract Food insecurity and poverty are persistent issues facing the majority of Ethiopians. This study aims to assess the determinants of household food insecurity in Habru Woreda Rural Households. The research utilized a multi-stage random sampling method. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, chi-square test, and t-test were employed to compare food-insecure and food-secure households. A binary logit model was used to identify the determinants of food insecurity. The results revealed that 60.89% of households were food insecure, while 39.11% were food secure. Twelve variables were found to be statistically significant, including family size, level of education, cultivated land size, irrigated land size, technology adoption, dependency ratio, access to credit, credit interest acceptance, total livestock owned, total off-farm income, stimulant expenses, and the number of oxen owned by the household. The study also identified various household food insecurity coping strategies. These included reducing the number/quality of meals eaten (19.39%) and relying on less expensive foods (18.53%) to bridge the food gap. Recommendations from the study include providing informal education and training on agricultural production, implementing small-scale farming systems like irrigation schemes, beekeeping, and animal rearing, subsidizing input costs to make them more affordable, and minimizing stimulant expenses through farmer training and promoting agricultural technologies. To address food insecurity in the district, the researcher suggests implementing community gardens, promoting local agriculture initiatives, providing education on nutrition and cooking skills, and collaborating with local organizations to distribute food resources effectively https://zenodo.org/record/8735 10.20372/nadre:8735 oai:zenodo.org:8735 doi:10.20372/nadre:8734 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by DETERMINANTS OF FOOD INSECURITY IN HABRU WORDA RURAL HOUSEHOLDS info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8731 2025-07-20T13:20:43Z user-zenodo user-wu

HAFTAMU HILUF 2024-06-10 ABSTRACT This study analyzed the determinants of urban multidimensional poverty of household in Alamata town, To achieve this objective, the study used primary cross-sectional household survey data collected from 233 sample urban households in three kebeles by employing purposive and proportional random sampling technique through structured questionnaire. The primary data collected were analyzed and discussed applying multidimensional poverty index, descriptive statistics and regression model. Measurement of the dimensions and its indicators of poverty have been identifying poor and non-poor households and related with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Using multidimensional poverty index cut off 0.33 as bench mark, the study found that of the households" are poor. And MPI of the town is 25.64%, which is higher than urban national of Ethiopia (23%) which confirms poverty is a serious problem in the study area. The binary logistic regression model revealed that household size, and marital status was found to have positive relation with poverty of the household, while household head of occupation, age, Income, saving access, availability of credit and remittance negative relation with the household's poverty status. Hence, that promoting working in public and private sectors, family planning, expanding income diversification, the ability to save and availability of remittance are indispensable policy interventions to better target urban poor households of Alamata town, Ethiopia. https://zenodo.org/record/8731 10.20372/nadre:8731 oai:zenodo.org:8731 doi:10.20372/nadre:8730 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Alamata town, urban household, poverty, determinants DETERMINANTS OF URBAN MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY OF HOUSEHOLD IN ALAMATA TOWN, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:8729 2025-07-20T13:21:33Z user-zenodo user-wu

ADDISU MARYE 2024-06-10 ABSTRACT The major determinants of foreign direct investment inflows to Ethiopia from the time period 1992-2022. Both descriptive and econometric analyses were used for the analysis part of the study. The study used an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model in order to investigate the determinants of FDI inflows to Ethiopia. FDI inflows to Ethiopia started to raise following liberalization reforms that started in 1992 after the downfall of the Derg military regime and years of civil turmoil. There is an uneven distribution of FDI inflows among the regions, two city administrations (Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa), and sectors of Ethiopia. The findings of both the long-run as well as short-run models revealed that trade openness and nominal exchange rate are the influential significant factors that affect FDI inflows to Ethiopia positively. However, inflation rate affects FDI inflows to the country negatively. Moreover, one of the six long-run models revealed a positive relationship between rule of law and FDI inflows to Ethiopia. Hence, in order to attract more foreign investors and to sustain the existence of existing foreign investors in Ethiopia, the government should design and implement policies such as fiscal as well as monetary policies to alleviate the negative impact of domestic inflation rate on FDI inflows. Moreover, it is better to liberalize the foreign exchange market and external trade sector to encourage more FDI inflows to the country. The government of Ethiopia should be committed to assure the existence of rule of law in the country to receive more FDI inflows. https://zenodo.org/record/8729 10.20372/nadre:8729 oai:zenodo.org:8729 doi:10.20372/nadre:8728 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS TO ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:12828 2025-07-25T18:31:49Z user-wu user-zenodo

Debash H, Bisetegn H, Ebrahim H, Tilahun M, Dejazmach Z, Getu N, Feleke DG. 2023-08-18 Abstract Objective: This study was aimed to determine the 5-year trend of malaria positivity rate in Ziquala district, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: Review of blood film reports from health institutions' laboratory record books using predesigned checklists was done as part of an institution-based retrospective study to assess the 5-year (2016/2017-2020/2021) trend of malaria. To display data and analyse patterns in the trend of malaria over the course of years, months and seasons, descriptive statistics were used. The results of the data analysis were displayed in tables and figures using SPSS V.26.0. P values under 0.05 were considered as statistically significant for all comparisons. Results: A total of 46 365 blood films from malaria suspected individuals were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years. Of the diagnosed individuals, 14 429 (31.1%) were confirmed positive for Plasmodium infection. Plasmodium falciparum (59.7%) and Plasmodium vivax (37.0%) were the dominant species. The positivity rate of mixed infection (P. falciparum and P. vivax) was 3.3%. The maximum (3598; 29.6%) and minimum (2085; 29.1%) number of cases were reported in 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, respectively. Of the total cases, 9206 (63.8%) were in males. Moreover, the highest malaria positivity rate was observed in the age group of 15-45 (4040; 28.0%). Among the six health facilities, Ziquala district hospital had the highest malaria positivity rate (35.8%), followed by Tsitsika health centre (27.3%) and Mishra health centre (14.2%). Conclusion: With P. falciparum being the most common species, malaria remains a severe public health threat in the district. Therefore, the district health office and other concerned bodies should strengthen and implement evidence-based malaria prevention and control measures. https://zenodo.org/record/12828 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067103 oai:zenodo.org:12828 pmid:37597861 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Burden and seasonal distribution of malaria in Ziquala district, Northeast Ethiopia: a 5-year multi-centre retrospective study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12830 2025-07-25T18:31:22Z user-zenodo user-wu

Feleke SF, Dessie AM, Getachew ZD, Bizuneh FK, Kidie AA, Yayeh BM, Ayal BG, Tesfa NA. 2025-01-23 Abstract Background: Multiple studies across Ethiopia have investigated the occurrence of DKA, showing significant variations and conflicting findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis seek to consolidate the overall prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis and its associated factors in the Ethiopian context. Methods: The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Data was collected from PubMed/MEDLINE, Science direct, Google Scholar, and gray literature sources. Microsoft Excel was used for data extraction and summary, while the analysis was performed with R software version 4.3.2. The overall pooled prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis and its components was estimated using a random effects model. Publication bias was assessed both graphically, using funnel plots, and statistically, with tests such as Egger's regression test. Subgroup analysis were carried out to minimize random variations in the estimates from the primary studies. Result: The pooled estimated prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis among diabetic patients in Ethiopia was 46% (95% CI; 36, 57; I2 = 100%, P≤0.001). Medication discontinuations (AOR = 1.30, 95 CI 1.20, 1.64), presence of comorbidity (AOR = 1.53, 95 CI 1.10, 2.20) and presence of infection (AOR = 1.62, 95 CI 1.31, 1.98) had an association with diabetic ketoacidosis among diabetic patients. Conclusions: Medication discontinuations, comorbidity, and infection are individual contributors to diabetic ketoacidosis in diabetic patients. Implementing initiatives to enhance medication adherence and establish comprehensive diabetes management programs covering glycemic control, comorbidities, and infection management can effectively address these factors. https://zenodo.org/record/12830 10.1371/journal.pone.0309097 oai:zenodo.org:12830 pmid:39847589 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Burden of diabetic ketoacidosis and its predictors among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12826 2025-07-25T18:32:16Z user-zenodo user-wu

Kassie AM, Abate BB, Kassaw MW, Shiferaw WS. 2021-01-28 Abstract Background: Breast self-examination (BSE) is one of the most feasible methods of screening for early stages of breast cancer. However, the practice rate is insufficient in many low and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of BSE practice among female university students in Ethiopia. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for studies that assessed BSE practice among female students in Ethiopian universities. The study included articles published from January 1st, 2010 to June 16th, 2020. The Cochran's Q chi-square and the respective I2 test statistics were used to check heterogeneity among the included studies. To assess publication biases, the funnel plot and Egger's regression tests were employed. Subgroup analysis was done by using different characteristics of studies. Sensitivity analysis was also run to assess the effect of a single study on the pooled outcome. STATA™ Version 14 software packages were employed for data analysis. Results: Sixteen (n = 16) studies with 5,743 participants were included to estimate the pooled prevalence of BSE practice. The prevalence of regular BSE practice reported in the studies ranges from 0% to 26.4%. The estimated pooled prevalence of regular BSE practice among university students in Ethiopia is 11.23% which is very low. The prevalence of BSE practice was high, 13.6% in studies published before 2015, 12.0% among health science students, and 12.6% in studies with a sample size of 384 participants and above. In addition, the estimated pooled prevalence of irregular self-breast-examination practice was 33.28%. Conclusion: The rate of BSE practice among female university students is low. Thus, awareness strategies need to be designed to increase the practice rate among women in the country as BSE is one of the most feasible strategies in early detection of breast cancer if properly implemented. https://zenodo.org/record/12826 10.1177/10732748211019137 oai:zenodo.org:12826 pmid:34169755 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Breast Self-Examination Practice Among Female University Students in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12846 2025-07-26T10:39:10Z user-zenodo user-wu

Dagne S, Menber Y, Wassihun Y, Dires G, Abera A, Adane S, Linger M, Haile ZT. 2021-01-06 Abstract Background: The prevalence of undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries is still remarkably high. Undernutrition during adulthood is a greater risk factor for low productivity, poor health, and mortality. There is limited information on the prevalence and determinants of chronic energy deficiency in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the prevalence and determinants of chronic energy deficiency among adults aged 18-59 years in Ethiopia. Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the data obtained from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Data were collected using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique, and the analytic sample consisted of 9,280 adults aged 18-59 years. The chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used, and p value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result: A total of 9280 adults aged 18-59 years were included in the study and 2911 (28.7%) (95% CI: 27.0%-30.4%) of whom were chronic energy deficient. Adults who have no work (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.72), male adults from Tigray region (AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.61, 3.09), Afar region (AOR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.04, 4.36), Somali region (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 2.19, 4.52), Gambella region (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.76), Harari region (AOR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.19), Amhara region (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.13), Oromia region (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.19), Dire Dawa (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.05), adults live lonely (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.71), and adults residing in poor wealth index households (AOR = 1.26 : 95% CI: 1.07, 1.49) were significantly associated with chronic energy deficiency. Conclusion and recommendation. Chronic energy deficiency among male adults in Ethiopia was a high public health problem. Marital status, wealth index, occupation, and region were significant predictors of chronic energy deficiency. The Ministry of Health with other partners should strictly monitor and evaluate interventions that are being applied and should give focus to adult men to prevent malnutrition. https://zenodo.org/record/12846 10.1155/2021/8850241 oai:zenodo.org:12846 pmid:33520307 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Chronic Energy Deficiency and Its Determinant Factors among Adults Aged 18–59 Years in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12844 2025-07-26T10:39:44Z user-zenodo user-wu

Habtie TE, Abate MD, Abebe GK, Wolie ZT, Alamaw AW, Mitiku HZ 2024-12-10 Abstract Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy is a nerve disorder that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in different parts of the body. It is a major and common clinical problem associated with several chemotherapeutic medications frequently used in cancer treatment, with prevalence rates ranging from 19% to 85%. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is a lack of data on the magnitude and determinants of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in northwest Ethiopia oncology centers in 2022. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 406 eligible adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in northwest Ethiopia oncology centers, between May and July 2022. Results: Out of 406 adult cancer patients included in the study, 54.4% had peripheral neuropathy. The stage of cancer (AOR = 4.36 [95% CI: 1.76; 10.8]), comorbidity (AOR = 2.74 [95% CI: 1.28; 5.83]), drug regimen (AOR = 2.99 [95% CI: 1.36; 6.54]), and cycle of therapy (AOR = 4.00 [CI: 1.67; 9.65]) were significantly associated with the magnitude of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common adverse event among Ethiopian cancer patients treated with various chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more effective diagnostic methods and incorporate validated assessment tools, such as the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer tools, either alone or in combination with other clinical instruments, into the routine evaluation of all patients receiving chemotherapeutic drug. https://zenodo.org/record/12844 10.3389/fonc.2024.1420518 oai:zenodo.org:12844 pmid:39720571 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and its determinants among adult cancer patients on chemotherapy in northwest Ethiopia oncology centers, 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12832 2025-07-26T10:41:46Z user-zenodo user-wu

Moges N, Dessie AM, Anley DT, Zemene MA, Gebeyehu NA, Adella GA, Kassie GA, Mengstie MA, Seid MA, Abebe EC, Gesese MM, Kebede YS, Feleke SF, Dejenie TA, Tesfa NA, Bayih WA, Chanie ES, Bantie B 2024-07-25 Abstract Background: Globally, with a neonatal mortality rate of 27/1000 live births, Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest rate in the world and is responsible for 43% of all infant fatalities. In the first week of life, almost three-fourths of neonatal deaths occur and about one million babies died on their first day of life. Previous studies lack conclusive evidence regarding the overall estimate of early neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this review aimed to pool findings reported in the literature on magnitude of early neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: This review's output is the aggregate of magnitude of early neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Up until June 8, 2023, we performed a comprehensive search of the databases PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Hinary, Google, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The studies were evaluated using the JBI appraisal check list. STATA 17 was employed for the analysis. Measures of study heterogeneity and publication bias were conducted using the I2 test and the Eggers and Beggs tests, respectively. The Der Simonian and Laird random-effect model was used to calculate the combined magnitude of early neonatal mortality. Besides, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta regression were carried out to identify the source of heterogeneity. Results: Fourteen studies were included from a total of 311 articles identified by the search with a total of 278,173 participants. The pooled magnitude of early neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa was 80.3 (95% CI 66 to 94.6) per 1000 livebirths. Ethiopia had the highest pooled estimate of early neonatal mortality rate, at 20.1%, and Cameroon had the lowest rate, at 0.5%. Among the included studies, both the Cochrane Q test statistic (χ2 = 6432.46, P <0.001) and I2 test statistic (I2 = 99.80%, p <0.001) revealed statistically significant heterogeneity. Egger's weighted regression (p <0.001) and funnel plot show evidence of publication bias in this meta-analysis. Conclusion: This review demonstrated that the pooled magnitude of early neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa is substantial. Therefore, governmental and nongovernmental agencies, international organizations, healthcare providers and institutions and academic and research institutions should give a due attention and design strategies to reduce early neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. https://zenodo.org/record/12832 10.1371/journal.pone.0306297 oai:zenodo.org:12832 pmid:39052580 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Burden of early neonatal mortality in Sub- Saharan Africa. A systematic review and metaanalysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12840 2025-07-26T10:40:31Z user-zenodo user-wu

Asmare Z, Erkihun M, Abebe W, Ashagre A, Misganaw T, Feleke SF. 2024-03-13 Abstract Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) account for the majority of device-associated healthcare-acquired infections with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developing countries with limited resources, the burden of CAUTI have substantial burden owing to the lack of well-organized infection prevention and control. Although there are studies in African countries, the magnitude of CAUTI is inconsistent. Therefore this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of CAUTI in Africa and identify the pathogens involved. Methods: Systematic review of articles from different databases and search engines such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journal online were systematically searched to identify potential studies. Data were extracted on Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using STATA 17.0. The pooled prevalence of CAUTI was estimated using a random effects model, inverse of variance was used to assess statistical heterogeneity across studies. Egger's tests was performed to identify possible publication bias. Results: This systematic review and meta-analysis incorporated twenty studies, revealing a pooled prevalence of CAUTI at 43.28%. Gram-negative bacteria were the leading cause of CAUTI accounts for 82.9%. Escherichia coli (45.06%) was the most frequent gram-negative bacterial isolate involved in CAUTI followed by Klebsiella spp (24.17%). Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant gram-positive bacterial isolate, accounting for 53.24% of gram-positive associated cases in CAUTI. Conclusion and recommendations: In conclusion, the high prevalence of CAUTI in Africa underlines a pressing healthcare challenge. Addressing this issue requires a concerted effort, encompassing health education, infection prevention measures, resource allocation, and collaborative initiatives to enhance patient safety and mitigate the impact of CAUTI on healthcare systems in the region. As prolonged catheterization increases the risk of infection, catheters should only be used for proper indications and removed promptly when no longer needed. https://zenodo.org/record/12840 10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.005 oai:zenodo.org:12840 pmid:38485529 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12842 2025-07-26T10:40:03Z user-zenodo user-wu

Yimer NB, Mohammed MA, Solomon K, Tadese M, Grutzmacher S, Meikena HK, Alemnew B, Sharew NT, Habtewold TD. 2021-05-31 Abstract Objectives: The objective of this study is to estimate the pooled uptake of cervical cancer screening and identify its predictors in Sub-Saharan Africa. Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, African Journals OnLine, Web of Science and Scopus electronic databases from January 2000 to 2019. All observational studies published in the English language that reported cervical cancer uptake and/or predictors in Sub-Saharan Africa were initially screened. We assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. An inverse variance-weighted random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled uptake and odds ratio (OR) of predictors with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The I2 test statistic was used to check between-study heterogeneity, and the Egger's regression statistical test was used to check publication bias. Results: We initially screened 3537 citations and subsequently 29 studies were selected for this review, which included a total of 36,374 women. The uptake of cervical cancer screening in Sub-Saharan Africa was 12.87% (95% CI: 10.20, 15.54; I2 = 98.5%). A meta-analysis of seven studies showed that knowledge about cervical cancer increased screening uptake by nearly five times (OR: 4.81; 95% CI: 3.06, 7.54). Other predictors of cervical screening uptake include educational level, age, Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) status, contraceptive use, perceived susceptibility and awareness about screening locations. Conclusions: Cervical screening uptake is low in Sub-Saharan Africa as a result of several factors. Health outreach and promotion programmes to target these identified predictors are required. https://zenodo.org/record/12842 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.04.014 oai:zenodo.org:12842 issn:3408-2174 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Cervical cancer screening uptake in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12836 2025-07-26T10:40:58Z user-zenodo user-wu

Dinberu MT, Mohammed MA, Tekelab T, Yimer NB, Desta M, Habtewold TD. 2019-04-04 Abstract Introduction: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a pregnancy condition characterised by excessive nausea and vomiting resulting in dehydration, weight loss and serious adverse pregnancy outcomes including termination of pregnancies. Even though evidence in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited, the prevalence of HG in pregnancy ranges from 0.3% to 10.8%. With this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to determine the prevalence/burden, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of HG in LMICs. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, EBSCO, Ovid maternity and infant care databases, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases will be searched. Reference lists of selected articles will be assessed in order to identify other potential studies of interest. Observational studies and (non) randomised controlled trials conducted from January 2000 to September 2018 in LMIC will be included. A weighted inverse-variance meta-analysis using fixed-effects and random-effects model will be done to generate a pooled estimate. Funnel plot and Egger's regression statistical test will be applied to check publication bias. Heterogeneity among studies will be checked using Τ2 to determine dispersion. Moreover, meta-regression analysis will be performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity. STATA V.14 will be used to analyse the data. Ethics and dissemination: Formal ethical approval and patient consent are not required; as primary data collection will not be employed. The result will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and will be presented at scientific conferences and public press. https://zenodo.org/record/12836 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025841 oai:zenodo.org:12836 pmid:30948589 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Burden, risk factors and outcomes of hyperemesis gravidarum in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs): systematic review and metaanalysis protocol info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:12834 2025-07-26T10:45:24Z user-zenodo user-wu

assaw A, Kefale D, Aytenew TM, Azmeraw M, Agimas MC, Zeleke S, Sinshaw MA, Dessalegn N, Asferie WN 2024-11-07 Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) are still the two major deadly pandemics globally, causes 167,000 deaths in 2022. The two lethal combinations pose a substantial challenge to public health, especially in areas with high burden of both diseases such as Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. However, there is no study that showed national figure on mortality of TB/HIV co-infected patients. Hence, this review intended to provide pooled mortality rate and its predictors among patients co- infected with twin pandemics. Methods: Using reputable electronic data bases, primary studies were searched from January 25 to February 5, 2024. The review included papers published in English language conducted between 2004 and 2024. Heterogeneity between included studies was evaluated using Cochrane Q-test and the I2 statistics. Sub-group analysis was done to mitigate significant heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was also done to evaluate the effect of single studies on pooled estimated result. Results: In this systematic review and meta-analysis a total of 5,210 study participants were included from 15 primary studies. The review disclosed that the pooled proportion and incidence of mortality were 18.73% (95% CI: 15.92-20.83) and 4.94 (95% CI: 2.98-6.89) respectively. Being bedridden and ambulatory functional status, poor ART adherence, CD4 count below the threshold (<200 cells/mm3), advanced WHO clinical staging, not provision of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid preventing therapy, anemia and extra pulmonary TB were significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion and recommendations: The analyzed data of this systematic review and meta-analysis depicted that the national pooled proportion and incidence of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected patients were considered to be still high. The authors strongly recommended scale up and continuous provision of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid preventive therapy. In addition, early identification and treatment of anemia will greatly halt the high burden of mortality. Generally, to reduce mortality and improve survival, a collaborative effort is mandatory to emphasize close follow up of patients with identified predictors. https://zenodo.org/record/12834 10.1371/journal.pone.0312698 oai:zenodo.org:12834 issn:3950-9354 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Burden of mortality and its predictors among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16656 2025-08-18T14:25:47Z user-zenodo user-wu

Seteamlak Adane Masresha and Gedefaw Diress Alen 2020-11-13 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the magnitude of parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) issues and its association with gender and premarital sexual practice among school adolescents of Woldia town. Design/methodology/approach – School-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 368 unmarried secondary and preparatory school adolescents (15–19 years) in Woldia town. Simple random sampling was employed to select study participants. Self-administered questionnaire was used. Data were entered by EPIData version 3.0.2 and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Findings – In this study, 56.3% of school adolescents had parental communication on sexual and reproductive health issues. The result of this study showed that adolescents who had history of sexual intercourse where 64% less likely to communicate with parents on sexual and reproductive health issues (AOR: 0.36 95% CI: 0.20, 0.65), but there was no association between gender and sexual and reproductive health communication between adolescent and parent (AOR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.64, 1.75). Originality/value – Parent-adolescent communication about sexual matters is one of the means that encourages adolescents to adopt responsible sexual behavior. Many children in Africa are uncomfortable to have a communication about sexual and reproductive health issues with their parents because the subject is a taboo topic in most homes. https://zenodo.org/record/16656 10.1108/HE-07-2020-0053 oai:zenodo.org:16656 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health among school adolescents of Woldia town, Ethiopia by the year 2019 info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16658 2025-08-18T14:25:40Z user-zenodo user-wu

Befkad Derese Tilahun* 2024-08-29 Background: The birth of a preterm infant and their subsequent admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a distressing and challenging experience for parents. The stress experienced by parents can have a significant impact on their mental health, parenting behaviors, and the parent-infant relationship. Recognizing and addressing the stressors faced by parents in the NICU is essential for promoting their well-being and facilitating positive parentinfant interactions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at healthcare facilities. The participants for the study were selected using a systematic sampling method, where the sampling interval (K) was calculated for each hospital. Data collection involved the use of a pretested structured questionnaire administered by interviewers. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Simple and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance was determined using a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The accompanying mother (b = 3.094, 95% CI: 3.615, 6.550), length of NICU stay greater than 10 days (b = 5.823, 95% CI: 1.759–9.887), the gestational week between 34 -37 weeks (b = -3.509, 95% CI: -6.358, -.659), parents with college degrees and above (b = -8.667, 95% CI: (-14.111,3.223), mothers who delivered via cesarean section (b = 2.468, 95% CI: -1.822, 4.759), parents without a history of neonatal NICU admission (b = -6.16, 95% CI: -11.69, -.63), and parents whose infant without ventilation (b = -2.755, 95% CI:. -5.492, -.0189) were significantly associated with parental stress. Conclusion: Parent in this setting revealed high levels of stress during their premature infants’ NICU admission. The gestational week, educational status of the parents, mode of admission, and mode of delivery were found to have significant associations with parental stress. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize and understand the stress experienced by parents when caring for families with preterm infants in the NICU. They should provide support and assistance to parents as they navigate the challenges and stress that come with this situation. https://zenodo.org/record/16658 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1377180 oai:zenodo.org:16658 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Parental stress and associated factors among parents of preterm neonates admitted at neonatal intensive care unit among selected governmental hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. An institution-based cross-sectional study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16654 2025-08-18T14:25:55Z user-zenodo user-wu

Addisu Getie ,1 Gizachew Yilak,2 Temesgen Ayenew ,1 Baye Tsegaye Amlak1 2025-02-01 Introduction The rising global prevalence of cancer reveals significant regional disparities in palliative care adoption. While some countries have incorporated palliative care into their systems, over half of the world lacks such services, and oncology-specific palliative care integration is sparse. This study evaluates the global prevalence of palliative care use among cancer patients. Methods A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Data extraction and organisation were managed using Microsoft Excel, and analysis was performed with STATA/MP 17.0. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied, and heterogeneity was assessed with Cochrane I² statistics. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses and Egger’s test were used to explore heterogeneity, publication bias and influential studies. Results The global prevalence of palliative care among cancer patients was 34.43% (95% CI: 26.60 to 42.25). Africa had the highest utilisation rate at 55.72% (95% CI: 35.45 to 75.99), while the USA had the lowest at 30.34% (95% CI: 19.83 to 40.86). Studies with sample sizes under 1000 showed a higher utilisation rate of 47.51% (95% CI: 36.69 to 58.32). Approximately 55% (95% CI: 35.26 to 74.80) of patients had a positive attitude towards palliative care, and 57.54% (95% CI: 46.09 to 69.00) were satisfied with the services. Positive attitudes were significantly associated with higher palliative care utilisation. Conclusion Only about one-third of cancer patients globally receive palliative care, with the highest utilisation in Africa. Nearly half of patients have a favourable attitude towards palliative care, and a similar proportion are satisfied with the services. https://zenodo.org/record/16654 10.1136/spcare-2024-005000 oai:zenodo.org:16654 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Palliative care utilisation globally by cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16648 2025-08-18T14:26:15Z user-zenodo user-wu

Kumsa H* and Yimer NB 2023-06-16 Isolated oligohydramnios refers to the presence of oligohydramnios without any fetal and maternal complications. Effects of this condition on perinatal outcomes were inconclusive across a broad range of studies. We reviewed the literature on isolated oligohydramnios with perinatal outcomes. Electronic databases like PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Medline were searched from inception to 2022 using keywords and MeSH terms for perinatal outcomes and isolated oligohydramnios. Observational studies (Cohort, case-control) and systematic review & metaanalysis studies published in English were included. Whereas, letters of personal communications, case reports, and case series were excluded. Studies with singleton and low-risk pregnancy, cephalic presentation, and oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index ≤ 5 cm) were included. Exclusion criteria were studies that include pregnancies with fetal malformation, chromosomal anomaly; growth restriction, and interventional drugs. We obtained 557 full texts from electronic databases but only 35 articles met the inclusion criteria. The narrative review revealed that an association does not exist between isolated oligohydramnios and low Apgar score, non-reassuring fetal heartbeat pattern, fetal distress, and umbilical artery/vein pH less than 7.1/7.2. However, isolated oligohydramnios is significantly associated with higher rates of labor induction and cesarean sections. Nevertheless, the impact of isolated oligohydramnios on meconium-stained amniotic fluid and neonatal intensive care unit were inconclusive across the finding. Further large-scale follow-up studies are needed to better elucidate the available evidence. https://zenodo.org/record/16648 10.20372/nadre:16648 oai:zenodo.org:16648 doi:10.20372/nadre:16647 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Obstetrics and Perinatal Outcomes with Isolated Oligohydramnios at Term Pregnancy info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16644 2025-08-18T14:26:34Z user-zenodo user-wu

Eyob Shitie Lake1*, Mulat Ayele1, Befkad Derese Tilahun2, Besfat Berihun Erega3, Alemayehu Sayih Belay4 and Gizachew Yilak2 2024-09-19 Introduction : Preeclampsia can elevate the likelihood of unfavorable consequences for a mother, such as severe morbidity and mortality. World Health Organization recommends low dose acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, 75 mg per day) for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at moderate or high risk of developing the condition. The use of low dose aspirin is dependent on the knowledge of health care providers working in the antenatal care units. We found inconsistent figures regarding the knowledge level of health care providers on low dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention around different low and middle income countries in the world. Thus, determining the pooled knowledge level of health care providers is very important. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) was conducted on the knowledge level of among obstetric care providers towards preeclampsia prevention in low and middle income countries. We identified relevant literature in the English language only. A comprehensive search was conducted on databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and Scopus. Subsequently, all datasets were exported to Mendeley reference manager and transferred to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to eliminate duplicate data during the review process. The extracted Microsoft Excel spreadsheet format data was imported to STATA software version 17 (STATA corporation, Texas, USA) for analysis. Then random effect model was used to estimate the pooled level of knowledge of health care providers on low dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention in low income countries. Cochrane Q-test and I2 statistics were computed to assess heterogeneity among all the studies included in this SRMA. Result A total of 1231 articles were identified through our search strategies, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari and Scopus. Ultimately, six articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the final SRMA. The pooled knowledge level of healthcare providers regarding the use of low-dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention in low-income countries was found to be 16.38% (95% CI: 4.36–28.40). The Cochrane heterogeneity index, with a substantial I2 value of 98.89% and a significant P-value of 0.01, indicated significant heterogeneity among the primary studies included. Conclusion the knowledge level of obstetric care providers in low and middle income countries is found very low and all the governmental and non-governmental organizations should strive to enhance the knowledge of obstetric care providers on the use of low dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention in low and middle income countries. https://zenodo.org/record/16644 10.1186/s12884-024-06803-6 oai:zenodo.org:16644 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Obstetric care provider's knowledge about the use of low dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and metaanalysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16652 2025-08-18T14:26:06Z user-zenodo user-wu

Melesse Abiye MunieID 1*, Amsalu Baylie Taye1, Befkad Derese Tilahun1, Addis Wondmagegn AlamawID 2, Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe2, Migbaru Endawoke Tiruye3, Biruk Beletew Abate4 2025-01-06 Background Pain management is a crucial component of patient care that promotes relaxation, lowers complications, improves quality of life, and shortens hospital stays. Several studies assessed the nurses’ pain management practices in Ethiopia. However, the findings of these studies are highly variable and inconsistent. Therefore, the study aims to determine the overall prevalence of pain management practice and associated factors among nurses working in Ethiopia. Method The study included all observational quantitative research articles conducted among nurses in Ethiopia. We used Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus searching databases. The Newcastle—Ottawa Scale was used to check the study quality. Then I2 statistics and Cochran’s Q test were used to evaluate heterogeneity. The Funnel, Egger’s test, and non-parametric trim and fill effect tests were used to check publication bias by using a random effect model. Finally, we conducted subgroup analysis and sensitivity tests to evaluate statistical heterogeneity and the presence or absence of any influential study. Result In the final analysis, we included eighteen studies, and 4,213 nurses participated. The overall pooled prevalence of nurses with good pain management practice was 43.79% (95% CI: 38.52, 49.06%). In-service training AOR; 95% CI 3.21 (1.87, 4.54), good knowledge AOR; 95% CI 2.44 (1.78, 3.09), positive attitudes AOR; 95% CI 2.84 (1.24, 4.44), and pain management guidelines in health facilities AOR; 95% CI 3.46 (1.48, 5.44) were the significant associated factors with pain management practice among nurses in Ethiopia. https://zenodo.org/record/16652 10.1371/journal. pone.0312499 oai:zenodo.org:16652 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Pain management practice and associated factors among nurses working in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16646 2025-08-18T14:26:22Z user-zenodo user-wu

Henok Kumsa 1* and Desalew Mergiyaw 2 2024-09-18 Background: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder that affects pregnant women. Preeclampsia and its complications are the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Studies conducted in Ethiopia have primarily concentrated on preeclampsia’s trends and prevalence rather than its obstetrical and perinatal consequences. Thus, this study aimed to determine the risk of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes among women with preeclampsia at Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 140 preeclamptic women and 280 normotensive women who gave birth at Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital between 30 December 2020 and 29 December 2022. Maternal records were retrieved using data-extraction tools. The data were entered into EpiData version 4.6.0.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Binary and multivariable logistic regression models were used to test the associations between independent and outcome variables. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-values <0.05 were used to measure the strength of the association and declare the level of statistical significance. Results: The odds of at least one adverse obstetric outcome among preeclamptic women were 2.25 times higher than those among normotensive women [AOR: 2.25, 95% CI: (1.06, 4.77)]. In addition, babies born to preeclamptic women were at a higher risk of perinatal death [AOR: 2.90, 95% CI: (1.10, 8.17)], low birth weight [AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: (1.43, 6.7)], birth asphyxia [AOR: 2.53, 95% CI: (1.15, 5.5)], and preterm birth [AOR: 2.21, 95% CI: (1.02, 4.8)] than babies born to normotensive women. Conclusion: More adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes were observed in women with preeclampsia than those in normotensive women. This study highlights the significantly elevated level of at least one adverse obstetric outcome associated with preeclampsia, low hemoglobin level, and rural residents. Moreover, perinatal death, low birth weight, asphyxia, and preterm birth were significantly associated with preeclampsia. https://zenodo.org/record/16646 10.3389/fmed.2024.1326333 oai:zenodo.org:16646 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Obstetrical and perinatal outcomes of women with preeclampsia at Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16634 2025-08-18T14:27:40Z user-zenodo user-wu

Eyob Shitie Lake1*, Mulat Ayele1, Gizachew Yilak2, Befkad Derese Tilahun2, Besfat Berihun Erega3, Alemu Birara Zemariam2 and Getinet Kumie4 2024-08-01 Introduction Non-pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (NASG) is a lightweight, reusable first aid compression device that squeezes blood from the lower extremities and centralizes blood circulation to vital organs of the body. Postpartum hemorrhage followed by severe preeclampsia/eclampsia is the leading primary cause of maternal death (A reduction in extreme maternal adverse outcomes and faster recovery from shock are more likely to occur with earlier NASG intervention. The median blood loss reduced by half when the NASG was used for obstetric hemorrhage management, which was associated with significantly reduced maternal mortality among the most severe cases. Objective To estimate the pooled prevalence of NASG utilization and its predictors in Ethiopia. Methods Appropriate and comprehensive searches of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, HINARI, and Scopus were performed. The electronic literature search was last performed on November 18/2023. All observational study designs were eligible for this SRMA. All cross sectional studies reporting the prevalence/proportion of NASG utilization for obstetric hemorrhage management among obstetric care providers and associated factors were included in this SRMA. Primary studies lacking the outcome of interest were excluded from the SRMA. The extracted Microsoft Excel spreadsheet data were imported into STATA software version 17 (STATA Corporation, Texas, USA) for analysis. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of NASG utilization among obstetric care providers in Ethiopia. The Cochrane Q-test and I2 statistics were computed to assess the heterogeneity among the studies included in the SRMA. Result A total of 1623 articles were found by using our search strategies and seven studies comprising 2335 participants were ultimately included in the SRMA. The pooled prevalence of NASG utilization for obstetric hemorrhage in Ethiopia was 43.34% (95% CI: 35.25, 51.42%). The findings of this subgroup analysis by sample size showed that the pooled prevalence of NASG utilization for obstetric hemorrhage was greater in studies with sample sizes of less than the mean sample size (48.6%; 95% CI: 32.34, 64.86%). Receiving training (AOR = 3.88, 95% CI: 2.08–5.37), having good knowledge (AOR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.28–3.16), positive attitude (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.62–2.75) and having available NASGs in the facility (AOR = 4.89, 95%CI: 2.88–8.32) were significantly associated with the use of NASGs for obstetric hemorrhage management. Conclusion The level of NASG utilization for obstetric hemorrhage in Ethiopia is low. Receiving training, good knowledge, positive attitudes and availability of NASG were significantly associated with the utilization of NASG. Therefore, policy makers and other stakeholders should emphasize enhancing the knowledge and attitudes of obstetric care providers through continuous support and training. At the same time, they should work strictly in providing devices for all the health facilities. https://zenodo.org/record/16634 10.1186/s12913-024-11333-0 oai:zenodo.org:16634 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Nonpneumatic anti-shock garment utilization for obstetric hemorrhage management and its predictors among obstetric care providers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16640 2025-08-18T14:26:56Z user-zenodo user-wu

Tesfaye Engdaw HabtieID 1*, Sefineh Fenta Feleke2, Aregash Birhan Terefe1, Addis Wondmagegn AlamawID 3, Melsew Dagne AbateID 4 2025-01-29 Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess and synthesize the global evidence on the level of nurses’ knowledge and its determinants regarding the prevention of surgical site infections. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following strict methodological guidelines to ensure accuracy and reliability. Adhering to the 2020 PRISMA checklist, a systematic review and meta-analysis sought to establish the pooled proportion of nurse’s knowledge and its determinants regarding surgical site infection prevention globally. MeSH terms and keywords were included in the search. Data extraction, quality assessment, and analysis followed established protocols. Heterogeneity and publication bias was assessed using STATA version 17.0. Results A total of seventeen observational studies, with sample sizes ranging from 30 to 515 participants, were included in the final analysis in a global context. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of nurses with good knowledge of surgical site infection prevention is 62% (95% CI: 50–74%) when assessed using a dichotomous scale. However, when knowledge is measured using a three-point Likert scale, the pooled proportion of those with good knowledge drops to 46% (95% CI: 21–72%), with an additional 27% (95% CI: 16–38%) demonstrating fair or moderate knowledge. Conclusion and recommendation This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to synthesize data on nurses’ knowledge of surgical site infection (SSI) prevention. The findings reveal poor knowledge levels, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions globally. While the pooled odds ratio is not statistically significant, training, longer service years, and higher education improve SSI prevention knowledge by enhancing critical thinking, boosting confidence, and fostering adherence to evidence-based practices. Future research should focus on identifying factors influencing nurses’ knowledge, particularly through longitudinal and interventional studies. Policymakers should incorporate international guidelines such as those recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) into nursing curricula, supported by robust assessment tools and educator training, to improve knowledge transfer and implementation of best practices. https://zenodo.org/record/16640 10.1371/journal.pone.0317887 oai:zenodo.org:16640 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Nurses' knowledge and its determinants in surgical site infection prevention: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16636 2025-08-18T14:27:14Z user-zenodo user-wu

Muluken Chanie Agimas ,1 Aysheshim Kassahun Belew ,2 Esmael Ali Muhammad ,2 Tigabu Kidie Tesfie,1 Molla Azmeraw Bizuayehu ,3 Biruk Beletew Abate ,3 Amare Kassaw 4 2024-07-19 Introduction The polio vaccine is the live-attenuated antigen that prevents poliomyelitis. According to a report by the WHO, about 1 million less than 5-year- old children missed the polio vaccination from 2018 to 2021. Even though Ethiopia is the most prioritised country for polio eradication, there is not enough evidence about the combined oral and inactivated vaccine in Ethiopia. Objective To assess the non-uptake of the dual protective polio vaccine and its determinants among children in Ethiopia using the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2019. Methods The secondary data analysis of a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using EDHS 2019 data among 3094 participants. Mixed-effects binary logistic regression was used for descriptive analysis and identifying the predictors using a p value of <0.05. Intraclass correlation was used to assess the clustering effect. Results The prevalence of non-uptake of the dual protective polio vaccine in Ethiopia was 44% (95% CI 42.2% to 45.8%). Predictors like women with low proportions of community media exposure (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.3, 95% CI 1.8 to 2.8) and no history of antenatal care visits (AOR=2.3, 95% CI 3.89 to 6.35) were significantly associated with non-uptake of the dual protective polio vaccine. Conclusion The burden of non-uptake of the dual protective polio vaccine in Ethiopia was still high. Low community media exposure and no antenatal care utilisation were the predictors of non-uptake of the dual protective polio vaccine. We recommend improving media access and antenatal care services to expand polio vaccination. https://zenodo.org/record/16636 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083648 oai:zenodo.org:16636 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Non-uptake of dual protective polio vaccine and its determinants among children in Ethiopia using Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2019: a mixed-effect model info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16638 2025-08-18T14:27:05Z user-zenodo user-wu

Gezahagn Demsu Gedefaw 1, Ayenew Molla Lakew2, Zenebe Abebe Gebreegzabiher 3, Dawit Tesfaye Daka4, Melese Kebede Hailu 5, Wubet Tazeb Wondie 6, Mulugeta Endalamaw Ayenew7, Alemu Birara Zemariam 8, Bruck Tesfaye Legesse 4, Degalem Tilahun Worku7, Asnake Tadesse Abate1 2024-05-31 Background: Seizure is an occurrence of sudden, paroxysmal, abnormal alteration in electrographic activity at any point from birth to the end of the neonatal period. However, little is known about the number of seizures and the associated factors in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the number of seizures and associated factors in neonates admitted with birth asphyxia to the neonatal intensive care unit in the Northwest Amhara Region Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2023. Methods: A multicenter institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 423 neonates who had a follow-up visit at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia from October 1, 2019, to January 30, 2023. by reviewing the charts of neonates with asphyxia registered from October 01, 2019, to January 30, 2023. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were extracted using an abstraction sheet, entered into EPidata version 4.6.0.0, and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. A negative binomial Poisson regression model was best fitted for both bi-variable and multivariable analyses. Results: The mean number of seizures was 5.4515 (95% CI], 5.164–5.738) per 28-day follow-up period. Hypoglycemia (AIRR = 1.17, 95% CI = (1.06 1.28), intraventricular hemorrhage (AIRR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.16 (1.06 1.26), stage two hypoxic-ischemic injury (AIRR=11,49, 95% CI =5.9 22.23), stage three hypoxic-ischemic injury (AIRR = 13.22, 95% CI = (6.80 25.68) were significant. Conclusions and Recommendations: The current study showed that the mean number of seizures in newborns with perinatal asphyxia was higher than that in newborns without perinatal asphyxia: Hypoglycemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, and hypoxicischemic injury in the second and third stages were significant factors in the occurrence of seizures. https://zenodo.org/record/16638 10.2147/RRN.S451450 oai:zenodo.org:16638 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Number of Seizures and Associated Factors Among Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Selected Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals of Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia,2023. A Poisson Regression Analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16642 2025-08-18T14:26:46Z user-zenodo user-wu

Ahmed Nuru Muhamed ,1 Berihun Bantie,2 Endalk Getasew Hiruy,3 Sahlu Mitku Shiferaw,4 Dessie Temesgen Aycheh,5 and Melsew Dagne Abate5 2022-09-28 Background. Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients. It has an impact on all aspects of the patient’s life such as increasing the risk of infection, treatment toxicity, hospital stay, and health-care costs. Factors in2uencing the nutritional status of adult cancer patients undertaking chemotherapy treatment in Ethiopia have not been thoroughly investigated. As a result, the purpose of this study is to assess the nutritional status and its determinants among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Objectives. 'e objective of this study is to determine the nutritional status and its determinants among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Oncology Treatment Center, from January to May 2021. 'e data were gathered through a face-to-face interview and chart review method. Epi Data 4.6 was used to enter the data, which was then exported to SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between nutritional status and potential risk factors. A P value less than 0.05 was used to determine statistical signi=cance. Result. 'is study revealed that 48.1% of participants have some level of malnutrition. Lowest wealth index AOR 0.06 (0.016–0.2), food insecurity AOR 0.1 (0.05–0.24), vomiting AOR 0.2 (0.110–.444), poor appetite AOR 0.2 (0.11–0.44), no diarrhea AOR 2.6 (1.34–5.00), and poor functioning AOR 0.3 (0.2–0.54) were signi=cantly associated with good nutritional status. Conclusion and Recommendation. 'e prevalence of malnutrition among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment at HUCSH was high. Wealth index, food security, poor appetite, diarrhea, and performance status were signi=cantly correlated with the nutritional status of the patients. To improve the patient’s nutritional status, economic support, early nutritional screening, and assessment, management of chemotherapy-induced symptoms should be considered. https://zenodo.org/record/16642 10.1155/2022/8740272 oai:zenodo.org:16642 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Nutritional Status and Its Determinants among Adult Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16630 2025-08-18T14:27:57Z user-zenodo user-wu

Biruk Beletew Abate1,2*, Biruk Shalmeno Tusa1,3, Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie4,5, Freweyni Gebreegziabher Araya6, Molla Azmeraw Bizuayehu6, Getachew Tesfaw Walle6, Tegene Atamenta Kitaw6, Befkad Derese Tilahun6, Addis Wondmagegn Alamaw6, Alemu Birara Zemariam6, Amare Kassaw7, Ayelign Mengesha Kassie6, Gizachew Yilak6, Fassikaw Kebede Bizuneh8 and Berihun Dachew1,9 2025-03-25 pneumonia and asthma, a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis is lacking. This umbrella review aims to consolidate the current evidence on the link between non-exclusive breastfeeding and the risk of pneumonia and asthma in under-five children. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Google Scholar to identify systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) studies evaluating the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on preventing childhood pneumonia and asthma globally. The latest search was conducted on January 25/2025. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews Two (AMSTAR-2) tool. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was employed to generate pooled estimates. Summary effect estimates were expressed using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We evaluated the quality of evidence for each association using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) framework, categorising it as convincing (class I), highly suggestive (class II), suggestive (class III), and weak (class IV). Results Twelve SRMs, including 270 primary studies with over ten million participants, were analysed. The randomeffects model revealed a highly suggestive association between non-exclusive breastfeeding and an increase in the risk of pneumonia (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.89, 2.78, GRADE: highly suggestive). Similarly, there was highly suggestive evidence that non-exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a 29% higher risk of childhood asthma (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.07, 1.34, GRADE: highly suggestive). Conclusion Our results highlighted that non-exclusive breastfeeding is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia and asthma in under-five children. These findings emphasise the critical role of exclusive breastfeeding in reducing the risk of respiratory health issues, highlighting the need for policies and initiatives that promote breastfeeding as a key strategy for improving children’s health outcomes. https://zenodo.org/record/16630 10.1186/s13006-025-00712-w oai:zenodo.org:16630 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Non-exclusive breastfeeding is associated with pneumonia and asthma in under-five children: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16624 2025-08-18T14:28:34Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mamaru Melkam1*, Setegn Fentahun1, Gidey Rtbey1, Fantahun Andualem1, Girum Nakie1, Techilo Tinsae1, Mulat Awoke Kassa2 and Bezawit Melak Fente3 2024-06-01 Introduction Intimate partner violence is a human rights violation that often involves violence against women, which appears to be the most prevalent type of abuse. Intimate partner violence is a major global public health issue that includes physical, emotional, and sexual violence. The prevalence of intimate partner violence in Africa is high. The burden of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women is high in Kenya. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to determine the associated factors of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women at the individual and community level from the recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2022 data of Kenya. Methods The Kenya National Demographic and Health Survey data of 2022 was used for this study. The overall sample size for this study was 14,612, which focused on women aged 15 to 49 years who had ever been partnered and responded to the domestic violence module. Multilevel logistic regression models to determine the prevalence and associated factors at the individual and community level with intimate partner violence with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR). Result The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence was 41.1% with a 95% CI (40.07%, 42.60. Male-headed households, poorest and middle wealth status, partner alcohol use, separated/widowed current marital status, and low education of women were statistically significantly associated with intimate partner violence at the individual level variables in this study. Conclusions The prevalence of intimate partner violence was high. Educating women, reducing partner alcohol use, and improving the economic status of women, were crucial in mitigating the burden of intimate partner violence. The intimate partners are supposed to respect the rights of women. https://zenodo.org/record/16624 10.1186/s12889-024-19012-9 oai:zenodo.org:16624 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Multilevel analysis of intimate partner violence and associated factors among reproductive-age women: Kenya demographic and health survey 2022 data info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16628 2025-08-18T14:28:11Z user-zenodo user-wu

Anteneh Mengist Dessie1 | Dabere Nigatu2 | Zemenu Shiferaw Yadita2 | Yalemwork Anteneh Yimer3 | Anteneh Kassa Yalew4 | Eden Workneh Aychew5 | Sefineh Fenta Feleke6 2023-09-20 Background and Aims: Neonatal period is the most vulnerable time in which children face the greatest risk of death. Worldwide, each year, millions of newborns died in the first month of life. Sub‐Saharan Africa, Ethiopia, in particular, is largely affected. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the survival status of neonates and determinants of their mortality in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating neonatal mortality and its predictors in Jabitehnan district, Northwest Ethiopia. Method: A single‐arm community‐based retrospective cohort study was conducted in March 2021 among 952 neonates born between August 2020 and February 2021. Data were collected by a semi‐structured questionnaire, and a multistage stratified sampling technique was employed to select one urban and 10 rural kebeles from the district. Then, the total sample size was proportionally allocated to these selected kebeles. Neonatal death was ascertained by community diagnosis. Kaplan–Meier curve was used to estimate survival time. Cox regression was used to identify factors, the hazard ratio was estimated, and a p‐value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The neonatal mortality rate was 44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33–60) per 1000 live births; and the incidence rate was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.21–2.23) per 1000 neonate days. Three‐quarters of deaths occurred in the first week of life. Medium household wealth index (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 3.54; 95 CI: 1.21–10.35), increased number of pregnancies (AHR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.01–1.47), being male (AHR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.12–5.35) and not starting breastfeeding in the first hour of life (AHR = 4.00; 95% CI: 1.52–11.10) were found to be predictors of neonatal mortality. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality was high compared to the national target. Wealth, number of pregnancies, sex of the neonate, and breastfeeding initiation were factors associated with neonatal death. Hence, strengthening interventions such as providing sexual education in the population, considering households with a medium wealth index in the exemption service, and counseling mothers about early breastfeeding initiation would improve neonatal survival. https://zenodo.org/record/16628 10.1002/hsr2.1613 oai:zenodo.org:16628 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Neonatal mortality and its predictors among neonates in Jabitehnan district, Northwest Ethiopia: A single‐arm retrospective cohort study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16622 2025-08-18T14:28:49Z user-zenodo user-wu

Anteneh Mengist Dessie1*, Habtamu Geremew2, Sefineh Fenta Feleke3, Denekew Tenaw Anley1, Kalayu Brhane Mruts4, Chalachew Yenew1, Berihun Bantie5, Natnael Moges Misganaw6, Gashaw Kerebeh6, Asaye Alamneh Gebeyehu1, Desalegn Tesfa Asnakew1 and Rahel Mulatie Anteneh1 2022-11-07 Background: Hygienic umbilical cord care is one of the essential interventions advocated to reduce neonatal mortality. However, traditional cord care measures-applying cow dung and oil-that have harmful health consequences are commonly practiced in Ethiopia. Hence, in this study, it was planned to analyze individual and community-level factors associated with the application of cow dung and oil on the umbilical cord stump in Ethiopia. Methods: Data from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey were used to identify individual and community level factors associated with women’s practice of applying cow dung and oil on the umbilical cord stump of their neonate. Taking into account for the hierarchical structure of the data; multilevel binary logistic regression analysis has been employed to a nationally representative weighted sample of 7,168 women. Results: In Ethiopia, 780 (10.88%) with 95% CI (10.18–11.62) women apply oil and/or cow dung on the neonate’s umbilical cord stump. Age increase by one year [AOR = 0.97; 95% CI (0.94–0.99)] and giving birth in a health facility [AOR = 0.61; 95% CI (0.42–0.89)] were individual-level factors that reduced women’s practice of applying cow dung and oil on the umbilical cord stump of their neonate. Whereas, rural residence [AOR = 2.54; 95% CI (1.28–5.06)] was the predictor at the community level that raised the practice of applying cow dung and oil on the neonate’s umbilical cord stump. Conclusion: This nationwide study revealed that a significant number of mothers in Ethiopia still apply cow dung and/or oil on the umbilical cord stump of their neonates. Both the individual and community level characteristics: maternal age, place of delivery, and residence were found to have significant influence on the practice of applying cow dung and/or oil on the umbilical cord stump in Ethiopia. Thus, to reduce neonatal mortality due to avoidable umbilical cord infections, clean cord care practice strategies should be designed by considering these factors. https://zenodo.org/record/16622 10.3389/fped.2022.1044056 oai:zenodo.org:16622 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Multilevel analysis of individual and community level factors associated with the application of cow dung and oil on the umbilical cord stump in Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16632 2025-08-18T14:27:49Z user-zenodo user-wu

Dejen Tsegaye1 , Asrat Yazew2, Mihretie Gedfew1, Gizachew Yilak3, and Zemen Mengesha Yalew4 2023-02-03 Introduction: Non-pharmacological pain management practices are very important for the successful treatment of pain. It has an impact on the patient’s quality of life and the family’s financial situation owing to missed workdays, direct medical expenses, and incapacity from pain. Objective: Therefore, this study is intended to assess non-pharmacological pain management practice and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed from May 30 to June 30, 2022. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 322 study participants. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with non-pharmacological pain management practice. Variables with a P-value less than .25 in the bi-variable analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression analysis and a P-value of less than .05 was considered as having a statistically significant association. Results: A total of 322 nurses participated, with a response rate of 98.8%. It was found that 48.1% (95% CI: 42.65, 53.62) of nurses had good practice in non-pharmacological pain management. Pain assessment tool availability (AOR = 1.68 [95% CI: 1.02, 2.75]) (P = .04), good pain assessment practice (AOR = 1.74 [95% CI: 1.03, 2.84]) (P = .03), favorable attitude (AOR = 1.71 [95% CI: 1.03, 2.95]) (P = .03), and age (26–35) (AOR = 4.46 [95% CI: 1.24, 16.18]) (P = .02) were factors significantly related to non-pharmacological pain management practice. Conclusion: According to this work, the prevalence of non-pharmacological pain management practices was found to be low. Good pain assessment practices, availability of pain assessment tools, favorable attitude, and age (26–35) years were significant factors of non-pharmacological pain management practice. Hospitals are better give training on non-pharmacological pain management methods for nurses as they are important to treat pain holistically, increase patient satisfaction, and are costeffective. https://zenodo.org/record/16632 10.1177/23779608231158979 oai:zenodo.org:16632 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Non-Pharmacological Pain Management Practice and Associated Factors Among Nurses Working at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16620 2025-08-18T14:29:01Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mesfin Wudu Kassawa,*, Ayele Mamo Abebeb, Biruk Beletew Abatea, Kenean Getaneh Tlayea, Ayelign Mengesha Kassie 2020-03-04 Background: Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been a global public health priority. In 2013, the World Health Organization recommended antiretroviral therapy administration to all HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women regardless of the CD4 cell count or clinical stage, referred to ‘Option B+’. Ethiopia has had a high prevalence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The prevalence of transmission in breastfeeding mothers was 24% in 2012 and increased to more than 30% in 2015. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV transmission and its associations among infants born to HIV-positive mothers who had enrolled with the five Amhara regional state referral hospitals’ prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission departments, Ethiopia. Methods: The study used a retrospective single cohort design, and simple random sampling with proportional allocation to select the medical records of 217 exposed infants. The data collected from each hospital were documented from January 1, 2014 to May 30, 2017. The cumulative incidence and prevalence of HIV transmission among exposed infants in the region were presented using figures and tables. Results: The prevalence of HIV transmission among exposed infants at enrollment to the program was 2.3% (five cases) (95% CI, 0.5–4.6%), whereas the prevalence of HIV transmission among exposed infants on completion of the program was 3.7% (8) (95% CI, 1.4–6.5%). The cumulative incidence of transmission on completing the program was 1.6% (3) (95% CI, 0.0–3.2%). Conclusions: In contrast to the expected outcome of the World Health Organization’s ‘Option B+’ guidelines regarding HIV transmission, this study found the cumulative incidence of HIV transmission on completing the program and the overall prevalence of HIV infection to be high. Although some studies have reported significant reductions in mother-to-child transmission of HIV, there are still considerable challenges in preventing this transmission in the Amhara region. https://zenodo.org/record/16620 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.006 oai:zenodo.org:16620 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Mother-to-child HIV transmission and its associations among exposed infants after Option B+ guidelines implementation in the Amhara regional state referral hospitals, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16618 2025-08-18T14:29:10Z user-zenodo user-wu

Bereket Gebremichael, Biruk Beletew Abate and Tewodros Tesfaye 2021-08-17 Essential nutrition action (ENA) is one of the most effective preventive actions for combating nutritional problems in young children. There is, however, a paucity of evidence about mother’s knowledge and attitude regarding key ENA messages. The objective of the present study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards key ENA messages and associated factors. A representative sample of 563 mothers of children from birth up to 24 months in mainly rural North Ethiopia was included in the study. The findings showed that 66⋅4 % of the mothers have a good knowledge and 68⋅9 % have a good attitude. In the multivariable analysis using logistic regression, mothers who attended secondary school or higher education were six times more likely to have a good knowledge (AOR 6⋅1; CI 2⋅945, 12⋅719) compared with those who are illiterate. Besides, women who resided in an urban area (AOR 2⋅2; CI 1⋅14, 4⋅25), attended antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR 3⋅7; CI 2⋅421, 5⋅742), attended postnatal care (PNC) visits (AOR 2⋅2; CI 1⋅37, 3⋅4) and heard nutritional-related information (AOR 1⋅9; CI 1⋅14, 3⋅49) were found to have a good knowledge. On the other hand, mothers who attended ANC visits were almost four times (AOR 3⋅9; CI 2⋅7, 5⋅8) more likely to have a good attitude towards key ENA. Mothers who delivered at health institutions and who attended PNC visits were also more likely to have a good attitude. In conclusion, the present study determined the level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers about ENA and several factors that influence mother’s knowledge and attitude regarding ENA. https://zenodo.org/record/16618 10.1017/jns.2021.10 oai:zenodo.org:16618 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Mothers had inadequate knowledge towards key essential nutrition action messages in mainly rural Northeast Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16694 2025-08-20T02:51:39Z user-zenodo user-wu

Adane Adugna a , Deresse Sinamaw b , Temesgen Baylie b , Mamaru Getinet b , Aysheshim Belaineh Haimanot c , Gashaw Azanaw Amare a , Habtamu Belew a , Zigale Hibstu a , Desalegn Abebaw a , Abebe Fenta a , Muluken Getinet d , Dagmawi Abiy e , Agenagnew Ashagre f , Mohammed Jemal b 2024-11-15 Background Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still a major global public health concern, especially in Ethiopia. Evidence suggests that some children in Ethiopia who have received hepatitis B vaccinations are still contracting HBV. Objective The main aim of this study was to detect antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) among vaccinated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative individuals in North-West Ethiopia. Methods and materials A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 children aged 5–12 years from April 2021 to November 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. After 3–5 ml of venous blood was drawn from each study participant, a serum sample was utilized to determine hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression with a 95 % CI was used to show the statistical association. Results The total seropositivity of anti-HBc among vaccinated HBsAg-negative participants was 8/158 (5.1 %) (95 % CI: 2.0–9.0). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that children who had a previous history of blood transfusion were six times (AOR: 6.135, 95 % CI: 4.063, 10.752) (P < 0.006) more likely to develop anti-HBc. Moreover, children who had a previous history of surgery were five times (AOR: 5.116, 95 % CI: 3.123, 8.718) (P < 0.002) more likely to become anti-HBc seropositive. Conclusion There was a significant seroprevalence of anti-HBc in our study area, suggesting possible exposure to the virus despite immunization. https://zenodo.org/record/16694 10.20372/nadre:16694 oai:zenodo.org:16694 doi:10.20372/nadre:16693 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ SeropositivityHBsAgAnti-HBcVaccinated individualsNorth West Ethiopia Seropositivity of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen among hepatitis B surface antigen-negative vaccinated individuals aged 5–12 years in North West Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16699 2025-08-20T02:51:30Z user-zenodo user-wu

Surafel Nadew 1, Zeru Seyoum Wendimagegn 2, Tinsae Bizuneh 1, Netsanet Bogale 1, Sefineh Fenta Feleke 3, Berihun Mulu Yayeh 3, Atsede Birhanu Worku 2, Genanew Mulugeta Kassaw 3, Mulat Awoke 4, Amare Nigatu 2, Natnael Amare Tesfa 2 2024-05-24 Introduction: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health concern and has a high degree of associated morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, Hepatitis B virus infection has a variable seroprevalence among different regions with an estimated overall prevalence of around 6%. However, there is a scarcity of data specific to cancer patients. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 cancer patients who came for follow-up at the oncology unit of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1/2020 to October 11/2021. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select the participants. Data was collected using structured and interviewer-administered questionnaires and blood samples were drawn from the patients to test hepatitis B virus sero-status. Data was entered to Epi- Data version 4.6 then exported and analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study participants. Finally, bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify significantly associated factors. Results: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among cancer patients was 7.6% [95% CI: (4.54 - 9.79)]. Having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 6.24, 95% CI (3.35-16.80)), a history of dental procedures (AOR = 3.34; 95% CI (1.007‑7.66)), and being a hepatocellular carcinoma patient (AOR = 6.13; 95% CI (3.66-18.77)) were factors associated with seropositive status for Hepatitis B virus. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among cancer patients was high. It is better to consider HBV screening in cancer patients and doing cancer surveillance in HBV-infected patients. https://zenodo.org/record/16699 10.3855/jidc.18479 oai:zenodo.org:16699 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Hepatitis B virus; cancer patients; seroprevalence. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Associated Factors among Cancer Patients at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16701 2025-08-20T02:51:21Z user-zenodo user-wu

Degsew Ewunetie Anteneh 1, Eden Bishaw Taye 2, Asmra Tesfahun Seyoum 2, Alemken Eyayu Abuhay 3, Endeshaw Admassu Cherkose 2 2025-08-19 Background: Co-infections involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and syphilis pose significant public health problems during pregnancy. It can increase the risk of adverse outcomes for both the woman and the infant more than each infection alone does. However, the magnitude of these co-infections remains insufficiently documented. Hence, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and syphilis co-infections and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Amhara region referral hospitals in northern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Amhara regional state referral hospitals from January 1 to February 30, 2024, among 606 pregnant women. Pregnant women were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and chart review were used to collect data. Data were analyzed in SPSSV26.0. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the magnitude of co-infections, and binary logistic regression was used to determine associated factors. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Result: Overall, 4.1% (95% CI: 2.7, 6.1) of pregnant women were co-infected. The prevalence of specific co-infections was 2% (95% CI: 1, 3.5) for HIV/HBV, 1.3% (95% CI: 0.6, 2.6) for HIV/syphilis, and 0.8% (95% CI: 0.3, 1.9) for HBV/syphilis. No cases of triple co-infection were observed. Women with a history of unsafe sex (AOR = 8.2, 95% CI: 1.5, 16.7) and incarceration (AOR = 9.3, 95% CI: 1.6, 20.8) were associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection. For HIV/HBV co-infection, contact with jaundice patients (AOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 22.5) and women with a history of STIs (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.4, 14.9) was significantly associated. Women with STI history (AOR = 6.3, 95% CI: 1.2, 15.9) were also significantly associated with HBV/syphilis co-infection. Conclusion: Despite the government's elimination efforts, a relatively high prevalence of coinfections with the infections studied was found among pregnant women. Therefore, HIV, HBV, and syphilis testing and treatment packages should be strengthened by targeting pregnant women with a history of STIs, contact with patients with jaundice, a history of incarceration, and unsafe sex. https://zenodo.org/record/16701 10.1371/journal.pone.0308634 oai:zenodo.org:16701 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and syphilis co-infections and associated factors among pregnant womenattendingantenatal care in Amhararegional state, northern Ethiopia: Ahospital-based cross-sectional study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16692 2025-08-20T02:52:03Z user-zenodo user-wu

Ebrahim Abdela Siraj 1, Ashagrachew Tewabe Yayehrad 1, Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw 2, Dagmawit Kassahun 3, Eyerus Solomon 3, Hadra Abdela 3, Getasew Gizachew 3, Efrem Awoke 3 2022-12-05 Background: Reports indicate that health science students are among the frontline of self-medication practitioners. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the self-medication (SM) practice and associated factors with knowledge and attitude of undergraduate health science students at GAMBY Medical and Business College, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire from May to July, 2022. A stratified random sampling method was applied to collect the data. The collected data were checked, and exported into SPSS 26. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were performed to determine the results and the associated factors. Variables with p < 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: 301 students (31 medicine, 163 pharmacy, and 107 medical laboratory students) responded (99% response rate). 68.1% of the respondents had practiced SM at least once within the last six months. 58.8% had good knowledge, while 55.5% have a positive attitude towards SM. Headache (33.7%) and cough (29.8%) were the primary disease conditions for SM. Analgesics (37.1%) and antimicrobials (29.8%) are most frequently self-consumed agents. Being a medicine student (AOR = 3.872; 95% CI: (1.263-11.866); p = 0.018), not having health insurance (AOR = 2.431; 95% CI: (1.383-4.274); p = 0.002), and not having a known medical illness (AOR = 2.241; 95% CI: (1.226-4.127); p = 0.010) were independently associated with good knowledge. While, living in an urban area was significantly associated with a positive attitude (AOR = 3.593; 95% CI: (1.404-9.197); p = 0.004). Conclusion: The SM rate in GAMBY is significantly higher. Besides, not more than half the students had acceptable knowledge and attitude towards SM. The college and the surrounding regulatory authorities should consider ways of controlling and recapitalizing SM practices by the students. https://zenodo.org/record/16692 10.2147/PPA.S390058 oai:zenodo.org:16692 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Ethiopia; attitude; health science students; knowledge; practice; self-medication. Self-Medication Prevalence and Factors Associated with Knowledge and Attitude Towards Self-Medication Among Undergraduate Health Science Students at GAMBY Medical and Business College, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16988 2025-08-28T03:46:05Z user-zenodo user-wu

Samrawit Mihret Fetene 1, Wubshet Debebe Negash 1, Tsegaw Amare 1, Tadele Biresaw Belachew 1, Banchlay Addis 1, Desale Bihonegn Asmamaw 1, Atitegeb Abera Kidie 2, Abel Endawkie 3, Sisay Maru Wubante 1, Alebachew Ferede Zegeye 1, Tadesse Tarik Tamir 1, Elsa Awoke Fentie 1 2024-07-09 Background: The recommended essential micronutrient such as food rich in vitamin-A or iron, multiple micronutrient powder or iron supplement, routine daily consumption of iodine, and vitamin-A supplement are deficient among children in Ethiopia. This has been a significant public health problem despite the government efforts. Although few studies have examined the micronutrient intake among children, they are limited in scope and methodological measurements. Analyzing the micronutrient intake among children across all regions and leveraging all essential micronutrient elements are crucial for generating improved evidence to better inform policy. Thus, we examined the micronutrient intake among children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia. Methods: We used data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was employed, and 1392 children aged 6 to 23 months were included in our analysis. We conducted a multilevel mixed-effect binary logistic regression analysis to identify determinants of micronutrient intake. In the final model, we used a p-value of less than 0.05 and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with their 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We found that only 27.6% (95% CI: 26.8-31.6) of children aged 6 to 23 months were received the recommended micronutrients in Ethiopia. We identified that maternal educational status (Educated mothers (AOR = 2.09, 95%CI:1.23-3.58)), health facility delivery (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI:1.42-2.98), household wealth status (middle quantile (AOR = 1.80, 95%CI:1.01-3.21)), children's age (12 to 23 months age (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.33-4.21)), and mother's exposure to media (AOR = 1.70, 95%CI: 1.42-2.04) were increased micronutrient intake, whereas residing in the rural communities (AOR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.21-0.34) decreased micronutrient intake. Conclusions: Nearly three-fourths of children aged 6 to 23 months did not receive the recommended essential micronutrients in Ethiopia. Therefore, there is a need to broaden strategies aimed at enhancing the intake by improving information and knowledge dissemination among mothers during facility visits and through media channels. https://zenodo.org/record/16988 10.1371/journal.pone.0305232 oai:zenodo.org:16988 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Suboptimal micronutrient intake among children aged 6 to 23 monthsinEthiopia: Further analysis of the demographic and health survey info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16990 2025-08-28T03:45:56Z user-zenodo user-wu

Henok Kumsa, Esuyawkal Mislu, Mulugeta Wedaje Arage, Atitegeb Abera, Tilahun Hailu, Lebeza Alemu Tenaw 2023-10-03 Background: A female genital fistula is an abnormal connection between a woman's reproductive tract and her urinary tract or rectum. While numerous studies have aimed to determine the success rate of obstetric fistula closure in different health settings, there remains a significant scarcity of data on closure success rates and incontinence rates for various types of fistulas at the regional and sub-regional levels. The success rate reflects the continent's healthcare setup in regard to the World Health Organization standards. Thus, this study aims to determine the success of surgical closure and the continence rate of obstetric fistula in Africa. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis review includes studies conducted up to February 2023. Search engines like EMBBASE, Medline, Google, PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, and ScienceDirect databases were utilized to find articles. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical evaluation checklist was used to evaluate the quality of our review, which was conducted in accordance with PRISMA criteria. Heterogeneity was indicated by a p-value for I2 statistics of less than 0.05. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger regression asymmetry test. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA 16. Result: This review includes 85 studies. A total of 24 countries from East, West, Central, North, and Southern African sub-regions were included. The overall pooled estimated rate of successful obstetric fistula closure is 86.15 (95% CI: 83.88-88.42). Moreover, the pooled estimated rate of successfully closed vesico-vaginal fistulas but with ongoing or residual incontinence (wet) was revealed as 13.41% (95% CI: 11.15-15.68). The pooled estimated rate of successfully closed rectovaginal fistulas and combined VVF and RVF are 91.06% (95% CI: 86.08-96.03) and 62.21% (95% CI: 48.94-75.49), respectively. Conclusions: The rate of successful obstetric fistula closure in Africa is 86.15, which is higher than the WHO target. However, the surgical closure rate of a combined VVF and RVF is 62.2%, which is significantly lower than the WHO target. https://zenodo.org/record/16990 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1188809 oai:zenodo.org:16990 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Africa; combined VVF and RVF; continent rate; obstetric fistula; successful surgical closure. Successful surgical closure and continence rate of obstetric fistula in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16986 2025-08-28T03:46:59Z user-zenodo user-wu

Yalewayker Gashaw 1, Alem Getaneh 2, Desie Kasew 2, Mitkie Tigabie 2, Baye Gelaw 2 2025-01-15 Streptococcus pyogenes remains one of the top ten causes of mortality from infectious diseases. Children in low-income nations have high carrier rates of Streptococcus pyogenes, which can serve as a source of infections, including simple superficial infections that may lead to invasive and post-streptococcal diseases, particularly among schoolchildren. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Streptococcus pyogenes, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among urban and rural public schoolchildren in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia. A school-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted via a multistage sampling technique among elementary schoolchildren from April to June 2022 in Gondar City. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected via a pretested structured questionnaire. Standard microbiological methods were used to collect and process throat swabs to isolate Streptococcus pyogenes. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed via the disk diffusion method. Epi-Info version 7.2.5 was used to enter the data, which were then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the strength of associations between variables, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The overall prevalence of Streptococcus pyogenes in 438 children was 11.2% (n = 49), with 71.43% (35/49) being urban and 28.57% (14/49) being rural. Low-income parents, hospital admission history, and cigarette smoking in the home were found to be substantially linked with Streptococcus pyogenes carriage among students (p < 0.05). All the Streptococcus pyogenes isolates were susceptible (100%) to penicillin and cefotaxime, but 18.8% and 12.25% of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and tetracycline, respectively. The prevalence of Streptococcus pyogenes throat carriage among was intermediate. All the isolates were sensitive to penicillin and cefotaxime, but 18.8% and 12.25% of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and tetracycline, respectively. Thus, regular screening and surveillance of Streptococcus pyogenes among schoolchildren should be conducted to minimize carriage or infections and maintain the rational use of antimicrobials. Health education about cigarette smoking in the house also needs to be provided to and the community. https://zenodo.org/record/16986 10.1038/s41598-024-82009-2 oai:zenodo.org:16986 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Antimicrobial susceptibility profile; Schoolchildren; Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcus pyogenes carriage rate, associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among urban and rural schoolchildren at Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:16984 2025-09-04T13:48:46Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mulat Awoke Kassa 1, Mengesha Srahbzu 2, Goshu Nenko 2, Girum Nakie 2, Kindie Mekuria 1, Sefineh Fenta Feleke 1, Natnael Amare Tesfa 1, Berhanie Getnet 2 2023-05-13 Background: Suicidal ideation and attempts usually occur during adolescence time, and living in war- affected area make the problem more predominate and severe. To the best of our knowledge, there were no studies done among high school students who live in war affected areas in Ethiopia. Objective: We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia. Methods: School based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 23 to June 08, 2022.Data were collected from high school students in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Pretested, self-administered Amharic-language questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the independent factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt. Results: A total of 668 of the 707 sampled students participated in the study (94.5% response rate). The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students in Woldia town was 16.29% and 12.87%, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, poor social support(AOR = 2.86, 95% CI:1.49, 5.46), posttraumatic stress disorder (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI:1.20, 3.85), family history of suicide(AOR = 3.94, 95% CI:2.21, 7.04), anxiety(AOR = 3.45, 95% CI:1.72, 6.89), and depression (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI:1.24, 4.33) were factors significantly associated with suicide ideation, and poor social support(AOR = 2.75, 95% CI:1.38, 5.47), depression (AOR = 4.27, 95% CI:2.10, 8.67) and being a female sex (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI:1.22, 3.69) were factors significantly associated with suicidal attempt. Conclusions and recommendations: This study revealed that at least one in six and one in eight of the students had suicidal ideation and attempt, respectively. Therefore, we recommend that Ministry of Education shall work with Ministry of Health to extend and implement mental health services in high schools and provide social support to those students who need the services in order for the prevention of suicidal ideation and attention. https://zenodo.org/record/16984 10.20372/nadre:16984 oai:zenodo.org:16984 doi:10.20372/nadre:16983 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Civilian mental heath; Demoralization; Ethiopia; High school students; Mental health; Suicidal attempts; Suicidal ideation; War. Suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia, 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:18415 2025-09-15T11:01:12Z user-wu user-nadre user-zenodo

Alemu Birara Zemariam Yabibal Berie Tadesse Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw 2025-09-14 Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) refers to any HIV treatment that uses a combination of two or more drugs to suppress viral load and preserve immunofunction. Despite the success of ART, adverse events persist, in particular in patients with baseline viral loads >100,000 copies/mL. Apart from premarketing surveillance, the safety and risk profile of dolutegravir has not been thoroughly researched in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and patterns of adverse drug events among HIV-infected adult patients on dolutegravir-based ART regimens at Amhara comprehensive specialized hospitals, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 at Amhara comprehensive specialized hospitals, with a sample size of 423. Simple random sampling was employed and data collected using kobo tool box software by four trained BSc nurses from March to April, 2022. SPSS 25 was used for analysis. Descriptive summary statistics are used and data presented using tables and text. Results: A total of 372 patient charts were included in the final analysis, and the prevalence of adverse events associated with dolutegravir was found to be 37.6% (95% CI 32.1%–42.1%). Nearly two-thirds (60.7%) of the participants had neuropsychiatric symptoms, followed by gastrointestinal symptoms (23.6%) and hepatic problems (7.14%). All recorded adverse events were mild. Conclusion: Dolutegravir adverse events were relatively low compared to previous studies. Common adverse events reported were neuropsychiatric symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms, followed by hepatic and renal events. All adverse events were mild and none was severe or life-threatening events. Therefore, we recommend the use of dolutegravir in clinical settings. https://zenodo.org/record/18415 10.20372/nadre:18415 oai:zenodo.org:18415 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:18414 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/nadre url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ adverse drug event, antiretroviral therapy, dolutegravir, HIV Prevalence and Patterns of Adverse Drug Events Among Adult Patients with Human Immune Virus Infection on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Drug Regimens in Amhara Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: A Multicenter Retrospective Follow-Up Study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:18411 2025-09-15T11:01:31Z user-zenodo user-nadre user-wu

Misganaw Guadie Tiruneh Adane Kebede Demiss Mulatu Geberu Sefineh Fenta Feleke 2025-09-14 Abstract Objective: Emergency obstetric and newborn care services treat 70–80% of maternal deaths. This study aimed to assess satisfaction with comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care (CEmONC) services and associated factors among clients in the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 404 participants using a systematic random sampling method. The study was conducted from March 5 to May 5, 2020, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Binary logistic regression was used to find the association between independent variables and client satisfaction. The level of statistical significance was declared at a p value less than 0.05. Results: The overall clients’ satisfaction with CEmONC services was 65.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 60.9–69.8). Clients’ satisfaction was affected by women who had antenatal care (ANC) of three visits (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 6.5; 95%, CI: 2.04–20.8), women waited less than 15 min (AOR: 4.15, 95% CI: 1.9–9.06), mothers stayed ⩽1 day (AOR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09–0.9) and 2–3 days (AOR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.1–0.69), obtaining a welcoming environment (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 2.15–9.88), and getting providers explanation of examinations (AOR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.97–5.52). Conclusion: The observed clients’ satisfaction with CEmONC services was suboptimal. Having ANC of three visits, waiting less than 15 min, duration of stay, obtaining a welcoming environment, and an explanation of providers’ examination were the identified factors of client’s satisfaction. Therefore, hospital managers and health professionals should work on the identified factors to increase the client’s satisfaction with these services. https://zenodo.org/record/18411 10.20372/nadre:18411 oai:zenodo.org:18411 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:18410 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/nadre url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Client satisfaction, comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care services, University of Gondar Specialized Hospital Satisfaction with comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care services and associated factors among clients in University of Gondar Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:18413 2025-09-15T11:01:23Z user-nadre user-zenodo user-wu

Melaku Bimerew Teshome Gebremeskel Biruk Beletew Manay Ayalneh Wondye Ayaliew Mulugeta Wodaje 2025-09-14 Abstract Introduction : Neurolathyrism is an upper motor neuron disorder characterized by spastic paraparesis, which is caused by the prolonged over-consumption of grass pea. It is a devastating disease with great impacts on physical, social, mental, and economical health. Objective To determine the prevalence of neurolathyrism and its associated factors in grass pea cultivation areas of Dawunt wereda. Methods Community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from February 01- March 30, 2021 on 631 Households with a total of 3,350 individuals. Two-stage random sampling technique was used to select participants. Multilevel binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with neurolathyrism. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05; and AOR with 95% CI was used to interpret the results. Results The household and population level prevalence of neurolathyrism in Dawunt district were 9.2% (7.2 11.7%) and 2.4% (2.0-2.3.0%) respectively. Age (AOR = 7.4 ( 2.6–20.6)), male sex (AOR = 7.8 (3.9, 15.4)), and marital status (AOR = 4.0 (1.3–12.8)) were the individual level variables; family size (AOR = 12.6 (3.0-52.8)), annual grass pea production (AOR = 5.0 (2.3–11.0)), ever feeding only grass pea (AOR = 8.8(3.5–22.2)), ever feeding immature seeds of grass pea (AOR = 6.28 (2.80, 14.08)), high grass pea to other cereals mixing ratio (> 3:1) (AOR = 6.1 (1.1, 33.5)) were the household level variables found to have significant association with neurolathyrism. Conclusion The prevalence of neurolathyrism was found to be high. Ever feeding only grass pea, Grass pea to other cereals mixing ratio (using ratio of 1:1 or more), and Ever feeding immature grass pea seeds were the modifiable risk factors for neurolathyrism. https://zenodo.org/record/18413 10.20372/nadre:18413 oai:zenodo.org:18413 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:18412 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/nadre url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Neurolathyrism, Prevalence, Dawunt, Ethiopia Prevalence of Neurolathyrism and its associated factors in Grass pea cultivation areas of Dawunt District, North-eastern Ethiopia; 2022: a community based multilevel analysis info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:18409 2025-09-15T11:01:38Z user-zenodo user-nadre user-wu

Bayou Tilahun Assaye Bekalu Endalew Maru Meseret Tadele Gizaw hailiye Teferie Abraham Teym Yidersal hune Melese Andualem fentahun senishaw Sisay Maru Wubante Habtamu Setegn Ngusie Aysheshim Belaineh Haimanot 2025-09-14 Background: Big health data is a large and complex dataset that the health sector has collected and stored continuously to generate healthcare evidence for intervening the future healthcare un certainty. However, data use for decision-making practices has been significantly low in devel oping countries, especially in Ethiopia. Hence, it is critical to ascertain which elements influence the health sector’s decision to adopt big health data analytics in health sectors. The aim of this study was to identify the level of readiness for big health data analytics and its associated factors in healthcare sectors. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 845 target employees using the structural equation modeling approach by using technological, organizational, and environ mental (TOE) frameworks. The target population of the study was health sector managers, di rectors, team leaders, healthcare planning officers, ICT/IT managers, and health professionals. For data analysis, exploratory factor analysis using SPSS 20.0 and structural equation modeling using AMOS software were used. Result: 58.85 % of the study participants had big health data analytics readiness. Complexity (CX), Top management support (TMS), training (TR) and government law policies and legislation (GLAL) and government IT policies (GITP) had positive direct effect, compatibility (CT), and optimism (OP) had negative direct effect on BD readiness (BDR) Conclusion: The technological, organizational, and environmental factors significantly contributed to big health data readiness in the healthcare sector. The Complexity, compatibility, optimism, Top management support, training (TR) and government law and IT policies (GITP) had effect on big health data analytics readiness. Formulating efficient reform in healthcare sectors, especially for evidence-based decision-making and jointly working with stakeholders will be more relevant for effective implementation of big health data analytics in healthcare sectors. https://zenodo.org/record/18409 10.20372/nadre:18409 oai:zenodo.org:18409 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:18408 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/nadre url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Big health data Data analytics Data management Health information revolution Health sectors Readiness Readiness of big health data analytics by technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework in Ethiopian health sectors info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:18407 2025-09-15T11:01:56Z user-zenodo user-nadre user-wu

Biruk Beletew Abate Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie Abay Woday Tadesse Tesfaye Engdaw Ayelign Mengesha Alemu Birara Zemariam Addis Wondmagegn Alamaw Gebremeskel Abebe Molla Azmeraw 2025-09-14 Introduction: Resilience is the dynamic adaptive process of maintaining or recovering mental health from stressors, such as trauma, challenging life circumstances, critical transitions, or physical illnesses. Resilience after adversity can be fostered through protective factors and the implementation of interventions that promote resilience. Hence, it is essential to investigate both protective and vulnerable factors to reduce the negative effects of unfavorable life events and increase resilience through positive risk-response interventions. Objective: To assess the effect of previous adversity, protecting factors, and resilience-promoting interventions to possess resilience after adversity in a global context. Methods: The study included English language articles sourced from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Webof Sciences, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and Google Scholar published before 15 April 2024. These articles reported the effect of adversity, protecting factors, and/or resilience-promoting interventions to possess resilience after adversity in a global context without a population age limitation. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews. A weighted inverse-variance random-effects model was applied to find the pooled estimates. The subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were also assessed. Results: A total of 44 articles (n = 556,920 participants) were included in this umbrella review. From the random-effects model analysis, the pooled effect of adversity on the development of resilience was 0.25 (p < 0.001). The pooled effects of adversity-protective factors and resilience-promoting interventions after adversitywere0.31 (p < 0.001) and 0.42 (p < 0.001), respectively. The pooled effects of specific adversity protective factors were 0.26, 0.09, 0.05, 0.34, 0.23, and 0.43 for the availability of support, cognitive ability, community cohesion, positive self-perception, religious involvement, and self-regulation, respectively. The pooled effects of specific resilience-promoting interventions were 0.30, 0.21, 0.51, and 0.52 for cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) interventions, mindfulness-based interventions, mixed interventions, and resilience-promoting interventions, respectively Conclusion: The findings of this umbrella review revealed that people who experienced early adversity can develop resilience later in life. The study highlights the need to consider adversity protective factors, such as availability of support (family, friends, and school), cognitive ability, community cohesion, positive self-perception, religious involvement, and self-regulation, and resilience-promoting interventions, including CBT interventions, mindfulness based interventions, and mixed interventions, to enhance resilience promotion programs https://zenodo.org/record/18407 10.20372/nadre:18407 oai:zenodo.org:18407 doi:10.20372/nadre:18406 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/nadre url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by adversity, resilient, protecting factors, interventions, umbrella review Resilience after adversity: an umbrella review of adversity protective factors and resilience promoting interventions info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:13442 2025-10-14T14:17:20Z user-zenodo user-wu

Mesele Belay Zegeye Getamesay Bekele Meshesha Muhammad Ibrahim Shah 2022-05-22 The purpose of this study is to understand how the adoption of different agricultural technologies can reduce poverty in rural regions of Ethiopia. To attain this objective, this paper uses a comprehensive socio-economic survey of Ethiopia, which allows us to securitize the household level information. The paper uses a multinomial endogenous switching regression model to estimate the impact of alternative technologies adoption on poverty reduction on a sample of 2316 farm households, and a multinomial logit model to estimate the determinants of alternative agricultural technologies adoption. The results showed that the decision to adopt alternative agricultural technologies depends on several variables such as education, regional heterogeneity, remittance income, extension visit, credit access, off-farm activity, soil quality, farm size, tropical livestock unit, distance, plot's potential wetness, and ownership certification. The impact results of the study show that household consumption increases when households adopt alternative agricultural technologies, thereby reducing their poverty. Furthermore, adoption of a package of technologies can result in higher food and total consumption per adult than single technology adoption. The paper recommends strategies for further disseminating and scaling up these technologies to help reduce poverty in Ethiopia. https://zenodo.org/record/13442 10.20372/nadre:13442 oai:zenodo.org:13442 doi:10.20372/nadre:13441 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/wu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Measuring the poverty reduction effects of adopting agricultural technologies in rural Ethiopia: findings from an endogenous switching regression approach info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article