2026-06-21T05:47:24Z https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/oai2d

oai:zenodo.org:6135 2025-05-09T10:55:50Z user-slu user-zenodo

HIRPESA ADUGNA BAYISA 2025-05-09 Livelihood diversification is one of the strategies for urban households to reduce poverty and food insecurity. Thus, this study aimed to identify the status and determinants of urban households’ livelihood diversification strategies in Fitche town, North Shewa Zone, Oromia National Regional State in Ethiopia. To achieve the stated objectives primary data was collected from 156 sample households selected through a multistage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation; inferential statistics like chi-square test and one-way ANOVA test and a multinomial logistic regression model were employed to analyze the collected data. The result of the chi-square test showed that there was a statistically significant association between the sex of the household head, education level of the household head, access to training, access to saving and livelihood diversification strategies at 10% and 1% significance level respectively. Moreover, the one way ANOVA test result shows that there was a statistically significant mean difference between the age of the household head, family size, annual income; amount of credit and livelihood diversification strategies at a 1% significances level. The results of the multinomial model revealed that livelihood diversification strategies were positively and significantly determined by the sex of the household head, education status, family size; amount of credit, access to training, and access to savings. The study recommends that the zonal and regional governments should develop a comprehensive urban development policy that could empower off-farm and on farm urban livelihood diversification strategies besides non-farm activities. This could be achieved by supporting female headed households, improving the education level of households, providing credit and training for households and enhancing the saving habits of households in the study area. https://zenodo.org/record/6135 10.20372/nadre:6135 oai:zenodo.org:6135 doi:10.20372/nadre:6134 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Determinants of Urban Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies: The Case of Fiche Town, North Shewa Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6139 2025-05-09T10:47:44Z user-slu user-zenodo

HUNDIE GEMECHU 2025-05-09 The PSNP was designed since 2005 mainly aimed to smoothing food consumption for chroni cally food insecure rural households, protecting assets, creating community assets to enhance sustainable production, food security and finally achieved household graduation. From that point forward there is a low level of household graduation from PSNP each year in the study district. The ultimate goal of this study was to identify factors affecting household’s gradua tion from PSNP in Kuyu district, North Showa Zone, and Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The total of 158 sample households was selected through systematic random sampling tech niques and primary source of data sources were collected both quantitative and qualitative through structured questionnaire, focused group discussion and key informant interview were employed. Both descriptive and econometric statistics were used to analyze the data. The bi nary logistic regression model result show that out of 15 explanatory variables used 07independent variables (sex, age and livestock ownership) were statistically significant and positive relationship with graduation from PSNP. On the contrary, family size, targeting mechanism, access to credit and occurrences of natural factors were statistically significant and negative relationship with graduation from PSNP. The finding of this study shows that, the services given from PSNP in terms of asset protection, value of transfer regarding access to sufficient food, enhancing income generating activities were very low that hampers the household confidence to graduate from PSNP. Additionally, the implementation process of graduation had not follow the PSNP guideline that graduated households faced to food inse curity and loss of assets. Moreover, the survey result of respondents show that, prefer of mode of food transfer rather than cash due to low value of cash transfer in view of continuous in creasing food price, not full family inclusion in to PSNP resulted diluted transfer become suf fers food insufficient and graduation were the main shortcoming of the Productive safety net program. Therefore, concern body, Government, together with donors should be given atten tion and review the short falling area of the program to attain the intended goals of the pro gram. https://zenodo.org/record/6139 10.20372/nadre:6139 oai:zenodo.org:6139 doi:10.20372/nadre:6138 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by FACTORS AFFECTING HOUSEHOLD LEVEL OF GRADUATION FROM PRODUCTIVE SAFETY NET PROGRAM: THE CASE OF KUYU WOREDA, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA. info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6137 2025-05-09T10:53:21Z user-slu user-zenodo

JALETA SHIFERA TSAGAYE 2025-05-09 In Ethiopia, faba bean is the most widely grown and planted pulses by farmers. So, this study aimed to examine the economic efficiency of farmers in faba bean production in the Debra Libanos district. Two stages sampling technique was used to select 140 sample farmers to collect primary data using cross-sectional data of the 2022/23 production season. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and econometric models such as stochastic production frontier and two-limit Tobit regression models to estimate levels of technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of faba bean producers and identify factors effects of efficiencies respectively. The estimated stochastic production frontier model indicated that land, labor and seed were positively significant determinants of production level. The study indicated that the average technical, allocative and economic efficiency levels of faba bean producing farmers were 79.4%, 67.5% and 53.4% respectively. The two-limit Tobit regression model results showed that livestock size, frequency of extension contact and plowing had a positive significant effect on technical and economic efficiencies. And also, sex and soil fertility had a positive significant effect but, farm size had a negative significant effect on allocative and economic efficiencies. Moreover, age and family size had a positive significant effect on technical efficiency. Therefore, these results implied that there is a room to increase the efficiency of faba bean production. Hence, attention should be given to improving the efficiency level of those less efficient farmers by adopting the practices of relatively efficient farmers and policies, strategies of the government should be directed towards determinants in the study area. One of the most important policy implications of this study is that there is enough potential to increase the present level of efficiencies for fababean production in the study area by increasing livestock size and having more ploughing oxen. Considering the positive impacts of livestock size besides crop production, livestock rising should get more attention. https://zenodo.org/record/6137 10.20372/nadre:6137 oai:zenodo.org:6137 doi:10.20372/nadre:6136 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FABA BEANS (VICIA FABA L.) PRODUCTION: THE CASE OF DEBRA LIBANOS DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6141 2025-05-09T10:46:00Z user-zenodo user-slu

Zelalem Negashu 2025-05-09 Wheat is one of a staple food crop, which is produced in both developed and developing countries by serving as a source of food and cash. Recently, wheat has become one of the most important cereal crops (strategic crop) in terms of production and food security in Ethiopia. Low production and productivity, which are mainly associated with poor adoption and inefficient implementation of improved farm technologies, were among the major problems. Adoption and efficient utilization of improved farm inputs is one of the most promising ways to reduce food insecurity in study area. However, the adoption and implementation of these improved farm inputs is con strained by various factors. So, the aim of this study was to analyze the technical efficiency and impact of improved farm inputs adoption on the technical efficiency of wheat producers. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 194 sample household heads and they were interviewed using structured interview schedule. Data analysis was done with the help of Stochastic Frontier Analysis and logistic regression model were employed. The study also found mean indices of technical efficiency (adopters and non- adopters) computed by SFA model pointed out that (86.3% for adopters and 75.4% for non- adopters) of the variability in technical efficiency of wheat in the study area was attributable to technical inefficiency effect).The major significant factors determining technical inefficiencies for total sampled householders were age, education, extension, credit, market distance, land size and family size. In the same manner age, education, credit, market distance, land size and family size were for adopters and extension, market distance and family size were for non-adopters. The difference ATT is 0.125; it means that adopting the new wheat variety led to a 12.5% improvement in technical efficiency for the treated farms relative to what their efficiency would have been without adoption. Extension is very important as it bridges the gap between researchers and farmers whereas credit enables farmers to buy farming inputs like fertilizers. Investments in farmer education without appropriate dissemination techniques may not cause any impacts. The study therefore recommends that accessibility to these services be enhanced. https://zenodo.org/record/6141 10.20372/nadre:6141 oai:zenodo.org:6141 doi:10.20372/nadre:6140 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by IMPACT OF ADOPTING IMPROVED WHEAT VARIETIES ON TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF SMALLHOLDER FARMERS.THE CASE OF GIRAR JARSO DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6133 2025-05-09T10:57:15Z user-slu user-zenodo

ABERA KEBEBE GULA 2025-05-09 Multipurpose cooperatives are vital institutions that provide services to rural communities regularly to get benefits out of that for their livelihood in terms of essential commodities, input for their agricultural activities and timely credit for the investment. However, the member’s participation in multipurpose cooperative is constrained by various factors. Thus, this study conducted to analyze determinants of the tef market participation decision and Intensity among multi-purpose cooperative’s members. To address the objectives of the study, both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used in this study. The study also used cross sectional data type using a random sampling technique. For this study, 180 respondents were considered. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources, the primary data necessary for the quantitative study were collected through personal interviews from three kebeles by using a semi-structured interview schedule. Qualitative data were collected through the informant’s interview. Descriptive, inferential statistics and econometric model were used to analyze the data. The results of descriptive statistics showed that from the total 16 variables, 10 of them show statistically significant difference with the participation decision and intensity at 1% level of significance. The results of double-hurdle model indicated that age, sex of household, family active labor force, extension contact and access to credit, were positively and significantly influenced the member’s participation in multipurpose cooperative. Whereas; livestock holding, availability of other marketing agent, political interference and distance from cooperative office were negatively influenced members participation in tef marketing cooperative in the study area. Hence, the study concludes that, age, sex, family size, extension contact, access to credit, livestock-holding, availability of other marketing agent, political interference in cooperative, misuses of cooperative assets, distance and trust to cooperative were determined the member’s participation and intensity of participation on tef marketing. Therefore, the study recommends in order making agricultural development successful these factors and problems were taken into consideration by policy makers to participate farmers in purpose cooperatives. https://zenodo.org/record/6133 10.20372/nadre:6133 oai:zenodo.org:6133 doi:10.20372/nadre:6132 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by DETERMINANTS OF TEF MARKET PARTICIPATION AND INTENSITY AMONG MULTIPURPOSE COOPERATIVE MEMBERS IN WUCHALE DISTRICT, NORTH SHOWA ZONE, OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6103 2025-05-09T11:01:40Z user-slu user-zenodo

DERIBEWGIRMATOLA 2025-05-09 In-vi troscreeningofthecerealviatissuecultureisthecurrenttechnologyto reducetheenvironmentalstress.Salini tystressisoneofthemostabiotic stresseswhichcausesmorphological,physi ological ,biochemicalandmolecular changesandadverselyaffectsplantgrowthandmetabolism.However,crops respondandperform differentlywhenexposedtosalinityandsomecanbe toleran https://zenodo.org/record/6103 10.20372/nadre:6103 oai:zenodo.org:6103 doi:10.20372/nadre:6102 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by IN-VITROSCREENINGOFSALINITYSTRESSTOLERANCEOF SELECTEDETHIOPIANIMPROVEDDURUMWHEA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6109 2025-05-09T11:03:36Z user-slu user-zenodo

WAKJIRA BERHANU BALEMI 2025-05-09 Indole acetic acid (IAA) production is a major property of rhizosphere bacteria that stimulate and facilitate plant growth. IAA production may improve the fitness of the plant–bacterium interaction. Plant growth-promoting bacteria have several abilities to promote plant growth and development. One of these skills is the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which mainly promotes root and shoot development. https://zenodo.org/record/6109 10.20372/nadre:6109 oai:zenodo.org:6109 doi:10.20372/nadre:6108 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INDOLE ACETIC ACID PRODUCING BY BACTERIA COLONIZING BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) ROOTS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6099 2025-05-09T10:58:36Z user-slu user-zenodo

YORDANOS BERIHUN 2025-05-09 Breast and ovarian cancers are two significant health concerns that affect women worldwide. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, whereas ovarian cancer is less common but a highly lethal disease with a high mortality rate. The aim of this study was to identify differential expressed genes and common pathways in breast and ovarian cancers using bioinformatic analysis. https://zenodo.org/record/6099 10.20372/nadre:6099 oai:zenodo.org:6099 doi:10.20372/nadre:6098 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by DENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES AND COMMON PATHWAYS IN BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER USING BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6101 2025-05-09T10:59:18Z user-slu user-zenodo

NAGAA TADESE OLJIRA 2025-05-09 Wheat is one of the edible and important cereals in the world. Drought stress is one of the most important antibiotic stresses, and there is a considerable loss of yield due to drought stress. This study was conducted in Salale University plant tissue culture laboratory room. The objective of this research was to evaluate the drought stress tolerance efficiency of improved wheat varieties. https://zenodo.org/record/6101 10.20372/nadre:6101 oai:zenodo.org:6101 doi:10.20372/nadre:6100 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by IN VITRO SCREENING OF BREAD WHEAT VARIATIES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE USING MANNITOL, AT GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING STAGE info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6145 2025-05-09T11:04:11Z user-slu user-zenodo

HABTAMU DIRIBA TADESE 2025-05-09 Durum wheat (Triticum durum) is one of the most important cereal crops in Ethiopia being used as source of food and income for smallholder farmers. However, its productivity is mainly constrained by poor soil fertility, an imbalanced and low fertilizer use and lack of improved durum wheat varieties. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at Farmers Training Center in Yaya Gulale district during 2023 main cropping season to investigate the effect of blended NPSB fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of durum wheat varieties and to identify economic feasibility of fertilizer applications. A factorial combinations of four improved durum wheat varieties (Donmatteo, Utuba, Tesfaye and Etcross-21) and four blended NPSB fertilizer rates (0, 50 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, and 150 kg ha-1) were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that, leaf area, total tillers, plant height, kernel per spike, thousand kernel weight, straw yield and above ground dry biomass were highly significantly (p<0.001) affected by the main effect of NPSB and variety. Days to heading, days to maturity, productive tillers, spike length, grain yield and harvest index were highly significantly (p<0.001) affected by the interaction effects of blended fertilizer and variety. The highest Kernel per Spike (70.05), Aboveground dry Biomass Yield (12413.33 kg ha-1), Straw Yield (7656.67 kg ha-1), and GrainYield (4756.67 kgha-1) were recorded from a 150 kg ha-1 NPSB fertilizer rate combination with the Etcross-21 variety. In general, the economic feasibility of the fertilizer over variety combinations indicated that application of 150 kg NPSB ha-1 to the varieties of Etcross-21 6681.80%, Tesfaye 3785.38%, and Utuba 2443.6% resulted in a the highest marginal rate of returns and the net benefit of 385533, 316642.5 and 292752 ETB respectively. Therefore, the application of a 150kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer rate with the Etcross-21 variety was the best alternative and had an economically profitable grain yield with an acceptable grain yield for durum wheat production in the study area. https://zenodo.org/record/6145 10.20372/nadre:6145 oai:zenodo.org:6145 doi:10.20372/nadre:6144 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by EFFECT OF BLENDED (NPSB) FERTILIZER RATES ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF DURUM WHEAT (Triticum durum L.) VARIETIES AT YAYA GULALE DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6107 2025-05-09T11:06:19Z user-slu user-zenodo

MEGERSA MENGISTU AYANO 2025-05-09 IAA is an important phytohormone commonly produced by plant growth promoting rhizosphere bacteria and L-tryptophan by secondary metabolites which have implicate in the growth promoting of various plant with the capacity to control plant development in both beneficial and deleterious ways. The study was aimed to isolation and characterization of IAA produced by PGPR in the rhizosphere soil of actively growing crops (maize, wheat, pea and Bea) growing in north Shoa of Oromia Regional State followed by detecting the effect of identified IAA on seed germination and plant growth. https://zenodo.org/record/6107 10.20372/nadre:6107 oai:zenodo.org:6107 doi:10.20372/nadre:6106 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM RHIZOSPHERE SOIL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND PLANT GROWTH info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6105 2025-05-09T11:05:20Z user-slu user-zenodo

DESTA LEMMA 2025-05-09 Salinity is a continuing problem in the arid and semi-arid tracts of the world. It could be alleviated using irrigation management and/or crop management. https://zenodo.org/record/6105 10.20372/nadre:6105 oai:zenodo.org:6105 doi:10.20372/nadre:6104 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by IN-VITRO SCREENING OF SELECTED ACCESSIONS OF TEFF info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6149 2025-05-09T11:08:34Z user-slu user-zenodo

DEMISEW HABTAMU ASEFA 2025-05-09 Malt barley which is cultivated for both home consumption and market purposes, is an important crop in the study area. However, its yield is reduced due to weed competition. Therefore, this study was conducted in 2023 cropping season at Degem District, to evaluate the effect of row spacing and weeding frequency on weed abundance and agronomic performances of malt barley. The experiment consisted of three inter- row spacing (10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm) and four weeding frequencies (weedy check, one time weeding (20 DAE), two times weeding (20 and 40 DAE) and three-time weeding (20, 40 and 60 DAE) as a treatment and laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. It was observed that broad leaved weed species were dominant in the study area with a relative density of 71.8% followed by grasses with 26.5% relative density whereas sedge weed species were the least abundant (1.6%.) Interaction of row spacing and weeding frequency significantly affected spike length, number of grains per spike, thousand grain weight, straw yield, aboveground biomass yield and grain yield of barley. Plant population, plant height, days to heading, day to physiological maturity, number of productive tillers per plant, and harvest index were significantly affected by the main effects of row spacing and weeding frequency. Weedy check and 10 cm row spacing produced highest dry biomass weight for both broad (3.56 g m2) and grass weed species (3.46g m2). The maximum grain yield value (4357.91 kg ha-1) was recorded when sown with 30cm row spacing and weeding is practiced three-time while the lowest (1508.66 kg ha-1) was from weedy check barley sown at 10 cm apart. The economic analysis revealed that the highest net benefit and MRR was obtained from combining 30 cm row spacing with three-times weeding. https://zenodo.org/record/6149 10.20372/nadre:6149 oai:zenodo.org:6149 doi:10.20372/nadre:6148 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by EFFECT OF ROW SPACING AND WEEDING FREQUENCY ON WEED ABUNDANCE AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCES OF MALT BARLEY (Hordeum distichom L.) AT DEGEM DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE OF OROMIA, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6143 2025-05-09T11:10:50Z user-slu user-zenodo

SOLOMON LEGESSE 2025-05-09 ABSTRACT Hidabu Abote is one of the potential districts in teff production. To enhance this potential production, cluster farming technology was introduced for smallholder farmers. However, household adoption level and its impact on household income have not been evaluated. Thus, this study aimed to measure the households adoption decision of teff cluster farming technology and evaluate its impact on household income. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select 196 sample households. Moreover, the study used a logistic regression model to identify the factors affecting the adoption decision of cluster farming technology while propensity score matching used to evaluate the impact of cluster farming technology adoption on household income. The result of the logistic regression model shows that the education level of the household head, frequency of extension contact, access to credit services, cooperative membership and market information had positive and significant effect on the household adoption decision of teff cluster farming technology. The result of the average treatment effect for treated shows that adopters of cluster farming technology earned ETB 5,482.789 more than non-adopter farmers. The difference in household income between the two groups shows that there is considerable room for improvement of household income through increasing the number of adopter of cluster farming technology in the study area. Based on these findings, it is recommended that provision of education, expanding of credit services, better extension service, giving awareness for farmers to be a cooperative member and increasing market information may have the potential to attract the farmers in to cluster farming in the study area. https://zenodo.org/record/6143 10.20372/nadre:6143 oai:zenodo.org:6143 doi:10.20372/nadre:6142 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by IMPACT OF TEFF CLUSTER FARMING ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME: THE CASE OF HIDABU ABOTE DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6111 2025-05-09T11:07:35Z user-slu user-zenodo

ASKALE MOTI MERGA 2025-05-09 Indigenous knowledge, literature reports and ethno botanical records suggest that plants are the basis for medicines. This study was designed to examine Phytochemical screening and in-vitro antibacterial activity of Impatiens rothi and Impatiens tinctoria root collected from Kuyyu district of North shoa Zone, Oromia regional state of Ethiopia, with different solvents against two Gram negative (Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two Gram positive (Staphylococcus aurous and streptococcus pneumonia) bacteria in 2022. https://zenodo.org/record/6111 10.20372/nadre:6111 oai:zenodo.org:6111 doi:10.20372/nadre:6110 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF IMPATIENS rothi .Hook.f AND IMPATIENS tinctoria R. Br. EXTRACTS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6227 2025-05-10T16:34:05Z user-zenodo user-slu

Ayanu Asefa Tsega 2025-05-09 Ethiopia is a country endowed with great biological diversity of plant, animal and microbial genetic resources. Globally, the most altered and endangered ecosystems are Dry evergreen Afromontane forests.The effect of deforestation and degradation continuing within Debre Libanos monastery forest are influencing the forest structure and basal area. The objective of this study was to assess customary forest conservation practices around Debre Libanos Monastery with Comparative analysis of the church forests and surrounding landscape. Specific objectives include assessing floristic composition, species diversity and vegetation structure of the church forest and the surrounding landscape. Identifying socio-economic and spiritual values of forests under different tenure system (church and state forest) and assessing the current forest management and conservation practices in forests under different tenure system are also specific objectives. This study aims to have its contribution in creating a comprehensive species and adding up the current knowledge for successful implementation of forest restoration. The study applied forest inventory with combination of key informant interview, focus group discussion and household survey to collect primary data. 53 plots in Debre Libanos Monastery church forest and 20 in Laga Gur State Forest were used to collect trees from 20 m* 20m and 2m *2m for shrub species data collection. 235 respondents were involved in survey conducted by using semi-structured interviews and discussion with respondents. Data were analyzed using R Statistical Software version 4.2.2. The plant species recorded indicated high taxonomic diversity as they belong to 42 families,63 genera and 71 plant species with 3509 number of individuals in Debre Libanos Monastery church forest and 20 families, 23 genera and 28 species with 957 individuals in Laga Gur state Forest. It is understandable that religious institution played a significant role in protecting and conserving forest while state forest is under pressure of human and livestock interference. https://zenodo.org/record/6227 10.20372/nadre:6227 oai:zenodo.org:6227 doi:10.20372/nadre:6226 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by CUSTOMARY FOREST CONSERVATION PRACTICES AROUND DEBRE LIBANOS MONASTERY: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHURCH FORESTS AND SURROUNDING LANDSCAPE info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6229 2025-05-10T16:25:53Z user-slu user-zenodo

TEMESGEN MENGISTU 2025-05-09 Natural forest is the home of many wildlife that enhances biodiversity to be occurring. It encompasses the variety and variability of all forms of life on earth that play a great role in human existence. By considering this study examines the attitudes of farmer towards conservation of natural forest. Specifically, this research touches farmer’s attitude towards conservation of natural forest, the main threats to natural forest, and the association between socioeconomic characteristics with farmer’s attitudes towards the conservation of natural forest. Questioner and interview were taken as data gathering tools. One hundred thirty-three (133) respondents were selected by random sampling technique. Descriptive statics such as percentage, mean, variance and standard deviation were used. The relationship between the attitude and age, education level and income of the respondents were analyzed by SPSS software. The study found out that human activity such as expansion of farming land, timber production, and collection of fire wood, charcoal production and illegal poaching as the major threats of the forest. As shown in (Table 2), the p- value of sex, age, education level and income are 0.283, 0.0001, 0.0001, and 0.0001 respectively. This shows that age, education level and income are significant factors (positive relationship). In other terms age, education level and income have a great influence on the attitude of farmers. The study concluded that most of the farmers have negative attitude towards conservation of natural forest due to lack of awareness about the long-term impact of forest destruction on climate and their livelihood. Therefore, this study suggests that increasing farmers’ awareness and knowledge about conservation of natural forest has to be a priority for further community participation. https://zenodo.org/record/6229 10.20372/nadre:6229 oai:zenodo.org:6229 doi:10.20372/nadre:6228 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by FARMERS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS CONSERVATION OF NATURAL FORESTS IN DERRA WOREDA, NORTH SHOA ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6231 2025-05-10T16:25:23Z user-slu user-zenodo

CHALEW ESHETE WARE 2025-05-09 In this study, we developed the mathematical version and applied the boundary layer approximations to reduce the system of partial differential equations. Similarly, the suitable similarity transformations are implemented at the partial differential equations to make dimensionless system. The dimensionless system solved numerical scheme through Runge Kutta Fehlberg shooting techniques using Maple software. Effects on velocity and temperature distributions for influences of nanoparticle volume fraction, suction parameter, porous parameter, buoyancy parameter and Prandtl number are plotted and physical aspects are discussed. Moreover, outcomes of embedded parameters on skin friction and rate of heat transfer are predicted and given in tabular form. It is found that the temperature of nanofluid and the heat transfer rate enhanced for higher nanoparticle volume fraction. These results are more significant which may apply in the field of engineering and industrial. SWCNTs nanofluids in porous stretching sheet have novel properties that cause them to probably useful in many applications in heat transfer. It is investigated that the thermal boundary layer thickness of the water based Cu nanofluid flow is stronger as correlated to the water based SWCNTs nanofluid flow with increase of buoyancy parameter https://zenodo.org/record/6231 10.20372/nadre:6231 oai:zenodo.org:6231 doi:10.20372/nadre:6230 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by ANALAYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER ON NANOFLUID FLOW OVER A LINEARLY POROUS STRETCHING SHEET VIA RUNGE KUTTA METHOD info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6225 2025-05-10T16:37:15Z user-slu user-zenodo

Mesn Assefa Demissie 2025-05-09 In this thesis, a robust numerical method have been presented for solving singularly perturbed semi-linear convection diusion problems. First, the nonlinear part of the problem is linearized via the quasi-linearization technique. Secondly the design and implementation of a nite dierence method is carried out to solve the sequence of linear singularly perturbed problems that emerges from the quasi-linearization process. Thirdly, investigate the consistency and stability that guarantees convergence of the proposed method very well. Then, the applicability of the proposed method is validated by implementing it with model examples and the result obtained by the present method is compared with other methods reported in the literature. Finally, maximum absolute error for each model example was shown both by tables and graphs with dierent perturbation parameters and mesh sizes which shows the betterment of the present method. https://zenodo.org/record/6225 10.20372/nadre:6225 oai:zenodo.org:6225 doi:10.20372/nadre:6224 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by A Robust Numerical Method For Solving Singularly Perturbed Semilinear Cnvection-Diusion Problem info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6221 2025-05-10T16:37:58Z user-slu user-zenodo

SOLOMON TESHOME GARI 2025-05-09 Nowadays, the conservation of biodiversity is a major environmental challenge globally. Homegarden agroforestry systems (HGAFs) have a large potential for biodiversity conservation. However, little attention has been given to the relative importance of HGAFs in terms of contribution food production and as a means of climate change adaptation and mitigation options. Thus, this study examined the contribution of homegarden agroforestry practices to household food security and plant species diversity in Hidabu Abote district, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The study area was selected purposively, and the kebeles were selected through stratified sampling techniques based on homegarden agroforestry users and non-users. About 318 sample households were selected through simple random sampling (of which 127 were homegarden agroforestry users and 191 were agroforestry non-users) and there were made a total of 45 sample plots, each measuring 10 m by 10 m. Data were collected through primary and secondary data sources. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics; binary regression model and household food balance model.microsoft excel and past soft-ware 4.03 applications to determine in homegarden agroforestry and food security analysis. The overall sampled household heads of homegarden agroforestry users, 34% of household found to be food insecure while 66% of Household heads were food secure. From home garden agroforestry non-users households, about 73% were food insecure while 27% was food secure. A total of 33 plant species were identified in Yeya Meriam,Sire Morose and Yeya Alango were showed that the value of Shannon index (H`) 2.14,2.13 and 2.10 and the value of evenness (E) 0.95,0.93 and 0.91 respectively. Therefore, this result implies that, those household engaged in home garden agroforestry users were more food secured than the non-users and at 1% significant level. The major factors affecting home garden agroforestry practice in the study area were drought, pests and disease; inadequate extension services, limited awareness; inability to apply sufficient modern farm inputs; and crop competition for available land had significant (P<0.1). In general, result indicates that the contribution of home garden agroforestry practices to household food security is found to be paramount. Hence, it is recommended that home garden agroforestry should be disseminated to all households across the Kebeles of the Woreda. https://zenodo.org/record/6221 10.20372/nadre:6221 oai:zenodo.org:6221 doi:10.20372/nadre:6220 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by CONTRIBUTION OF HOMEGARDEN AGROFORESTRY PRACTICE TO HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY: THE CASE OF HIDABU ABOTE DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA. info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6217 2025-05-10T16:38:41Z user-slu user-zenodo

DEREJE BAYISA 2025-05-09 This study was conducted to assess milk handling practices, mastitis associated risk factors and it’s Prevalence in small holder dairy farms in North Showa Zone of Oromia in Ethiopia. Purposive sampling technique was used to select study, districts and kebeles. A total of 384 households were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire to undertake the study. Among the total of 384 lactating cows examined for mastitis using the California Mastitis Test (CMT), 136 were screened for mastitis. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine the association between the occurrence of the disease and its risk factors. .All CMT scores of 0 and trace was considered as negative, while CMT scores of one, two, and three was considered indicators of subclinical mastitis. A positive cow was defined as having at least one quarter with a CMT score of 1+. There were about 72.6% of the surveyed households were categorized under literate group of education background that farmers could have known how about the dairy husbandry practices. In the present study 69.3% of the cows were crossbreds while the rest 30.3% of the cows were local breeds. A total of 544 milk samples from suspected quarters (136 cows) were tested. The results revealed that about 47.2% of the milk samples tested positive for mastitis, with 19.8% weakly positive, 15.4% distinctly positive, and 8.6% strongly positive for subclinical mastitis.;. A significant level of host and environmental risk factors that associated with the prevalence of mastitis were noted in this study. Hand milking is the primary milking technique in the study area. Plastic containers were commonly used for milk handling. Whereas, 62.5%, of the households were employed gourds for the churning purpose. In conclusion, mastitis poses a significant challenge to the dairy industry in the study areas. Increasing awareness among dairy producers about hygienic management practices and implementing effective medical interventions are crucial to reduce mastitis and mitigate its negative impact on dairy product quality. https://zenodo.org/record/6217 10.20372/nadre:6217 oai:zenodo.org:6217 doi:10.20372/nadre:6216 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by MILK HANDLING, PRACTICESM, ASTITIS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AND IT'S PREVALENCESIN SMALL HOLDER DAIRY FARMS IN NORTH SHAWA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6767 2025-05-14T07:31:33Z user-slu user-zenodo

Abraham Hailemariam Dadi 2025-05-14 The main goal of this study was to identify the determinants of technical inefficiency of wheat production in Jida woreda. The study utilized cross-sectional data obtained from 338 farmers who produce wheat using the two stage sampling techniques during the production season of the 2022/2023-2023/2024. The data was collected from farmers who produce wheat in Jida woreda through questionaries. Descriptive, inferential statistics and econometrics method were used. Stochastic production frontier model with Cobb Douglass production functional form was used to estimate the level of technical inefficiencies. Inferential statistics like the likelihood ratio and chi-square (χ2) test were also used to infer the population from a sample. The researcher investigated the factors affecting technical inefficiency and production factors of wheat production in Jida woreda. As study result soil fertility, age, gender, education, land fragmentation, water availability, training and high price of fertilizers influence the level of technical inefficiency of wheat production and statically significant at 1 and 5 percent in Jida woreda. High price of fertilizers, land fragmentation, age, and credit access were statically significant at 1 and 5 percent and increase the technical inefficiency by 3.21%, 1.2%, 0.72% and 1.07% respectively. However, soil fertility, gender, education, water availability, and training were statically significant at 1 and 5 percent and decreases the technical inefficiency of wheat production by 1.08%, 2.2%, 0.38%,2.8% and 1.1% in the study area respectively. Dap, Urea and preferred seed were statically significant at 5 and 1 percent and positively affects the output wheat in Jida woreda. Dap, Urea and preferred seed increase the wheat production of Jida woreda by 0.09%, 0.03% and 0.37% respectively. https://zenodo.org/record/6767 10.20372/nadre:6767 oai:zenodo.org:6767 doi:10.20372/nadre:6766 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by ESTIMATION OF TECHNICAL INEFFICIENCY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION, IN CASE OF JIDA WEREDA NORTH SHEWA ZONE OROMIYA REGION ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6765 2025-05-14T07:32:12Z user-slu user-zenodo

INVESTIGATOR: DEREJE AREGA (BSc) 2025-05-14 Background: Obstetric complications are health problems that occur during pregnancy and childbirth. Preventing obstetric complications is important to reduce maternal death. Obstetric complications have a significantly impact maternal, fetal, and neonatal health. In low-resource countries like Ethiopia, obstetric complications remain high. Objective: To compare the magnitude of obstetric complications and associated factors among women who gave birth at Muka Turi Hospital during October 1, 2021, to December 30, 2023. Method: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Muka Turi Hospital among 224 participants (112 twins and 112 singletons) who were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive analysis, binary, and multivariate logistic regression models were used. Result: In this study, 45.5 % of having twin deliveries and 21.4 % of having singleton deliveries had at least one obstetric complication. The variables such as age [AOR=3.377, 95% CI (1.098 10.385)], history of obstetric complications [AOR=4.175, 95%CL (1.221-14.276)], and no ANC follow up [AOR=6.072, 95%CI (1.524-24.11)] were significantly associated with obstetric complications among mothers who gave twin birth. History of abortion [AOR=4.286, 95% CI (1.070-17.17)] and no ANC follow-up [AOR=8.4, 95%CI (1.8-3.888)] were significantly associated with obstetric complications of singleton give birth mother in the multivariate logistic regression model. Conclusions and recommendations: Magnitude of obstetric complications among twin deliveries is higher than singleton deliveries. History of obstetric complications, age of mother, and ANC follow up were factors associated with obstetric complications of twin give birth mothers. History of abortion and ANC follow up were factors associated with obstetric complications of singleton give birth mothers. Therefore, providing appropriate information on potential obstetric complications, accessing maternal health services, and empowering women is very important. https://zenodo.org/record/6765 10.20372/nadre:6765 oai:zenodo.org:6765 doi:10.20372/nadre:6764 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG WOMEN WHO GIVE BIRTH IN MUKA TURI PRIMARY HOSPITAL, NORTH SHOA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA 2024 : COMPARATIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6773 2025-05-14T07:29:44Z user-slu user-zenodo

Habtamu Megersa Adare 2025-05-14 This research is done based on the major factors that affect the productivity of wheat crop in the case of Yaya Gulale woreda. The aim of this study is to identify the main factors that affect wheat productivity and to see the linear relationship between production of wheat which is dependent variable and farm experience, Fertilizer’s, rented land, borrowed birr, oxen and market distance which are independent variables. The data collection was done through both primary and secondary sources that obtained from Oromia reigion in of Yaya Gulale woreda agriculture and rural development office, Yaya Gulale woreda agricultural research center and woreda farmers’ cooperative association. This research analysis was both descriptive and inferential statistics. From multiple linear regression model analysis result finding indicate that some variables like, market distance from farmers has negative effect on wheat productivity. But other variables like farm experience, Fertilizer’s, rented land, borrowed birr and oxen have positive relationship with wheat productivity. And independent variables like; farming experience, fertilizer, rented land, borrowed birr for inputs and oxen in the multiple linear regression analysis in the model is significant. This means maximum variables are significant. Government and non-government bodies should develop modern farming system, arrange forum, exhibition for experience sharing, give training for farmers and finally, further research should continue. https://zenodo.org/record/6773 10.20372/nadre:6773 oai:zenodo.org:6773 doi:10.20372/nadre:6772 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by FACTORS AFFECTING WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY IN OROMIA REGION. info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6771 2025-05-14T07:30:12Z user-slu user-zenodo

Merid Jenenew 2025-05-14 The paper analyzes the effectiveness of microfinance credit in improving the life of rural household using data collected from 309 randomly selected households. Descriptive analysis of demographic factors and in what aspect of life changes was made. Whereas binary logit model output was used to analyze the socio-economic institutional factors that improved effectiveness. The results revealed the existence of various factors hindered the effectiveness of micro-finance to improve rural farmer"s life as expected. Microfinance credit related variables such as procedure and policy of institution, obtaining amount requested, credit –plus service, interest rate, considering farming calendar and grace period and using credit for consumption were found to be significant factors influencing the effectiveness of micro-finance credit in rural. Other determining factors include small land holding, interest rate, and distance to market. The policy implications of the results tend to focus on the factors that significantly affect the effectiveness of micro-finance in rural area. https://zenodo.org/record/6771 10.20372/nadre:6771 oai:zenodo.org:6771 doi:10.20372/nadre:6770 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MICROFINANCE CREDIT (THE CASE OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD IN GIRAR JARSO WOREDA (BORROWER PERSPECTIVE)) info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6769 2025-05-14T07:30:39Z user-slu user-zenodo

Kuma Motuma Tolera 2025-05-14 This study examined the effects of factors (age of company, GDP, inflation rate, interest rate, liquidity ratio, loss ratio, size of company and tangibility of assets) on the profitability of insurance companies in Ethiopia. Profitability is a dependent variable, while age of company, GDP, inflation rate, interest rate, liquidity ratio, loss ratio, size of company and tangibility of assets are independent variables. The sample in this study includes eight of the listed insurance companies (EIC, Awash, Nile, Africa, Nib, Nyala, UNIC and Oromia) for eleven years (2013 - 2023). Secondary data was obtained from the financial statements of insurance companies; the financial publications of NBE were analyzed. Panel data was analyzed using Fixed-effect (FE) Model. From the regression results; age of the company, GDP, liquidity ratio and size of the companies are identified as the most important determinants of profitability. In contrast, inflation rate and loss ratio were negatively but significantly related to profitability. Lastly, interest rate and tangibility of assets were not significantly related to profitability. https://zenodo.org/record/6769 10.20372/nadre:6769 oai:zenodo.org:6769 doi:10.20372/nadre:6768 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by FACTORS AFFECTING PROFITABILITY OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6761 2025-05-14T07:33:34Z user-slu user-zenodo

By: Mengistu Tadesse 2025-05-14 Background: - Knowledge of the fertility period is one of the techniques used to delay pregnancy. Although it is a highly effective method, most female students who lack correct knowledge about it end up with unintended pregnancies and undergo unsafe abortions, which is a leading factor for maternal death and school dropout. Most studies focus on adult women or general populations, neglecting the unique perspectives and needs of younger females. This gap highlights the necessity for research that specifically targets adolescents, who may experience different challenges and barriers. Objective: To assess knowledge of fertile windows and associated factors among female students of Secondary Schools in Wera Jarso District, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2024. Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to April 01, 2024, among 417 randomly selected female secondary school students in Wera Jarso District. The self-administered questionnaire for the quantitative component of the study was supplemented qualitatively in a focus group discussion. The multivariable logistic regression model included variables with a P value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis. The degree of association was expressed using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a P value < 0.05. Results: Out of 422 study participants, 417 participated in this study, with a response rate of 98.6%. The magnitude of fertile window knowledge was 24.9% (95% Cl: 20.9, 29.0). Having 17 19 years of age (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 6.1, 17.1), having ever had sex [AOR = 3.0, 95% CI (1.4, 4.7)], having a chance of pregnancy [AOR = 3.2, 95% CI (1.2, 8.8)], and having positive attitudes towards knowledge of fertility periods [AOR = 5.0, 95% CI (2.6, 9.4)] were significantly associated with knowledge of the fertility window. Conclusion: The magnitude of knowledge about fertility windows is low among female secondary school students. Being in the age group between 17 and 19 years, ever having sex, facing pregnancy, ever using contraceptives, and having positive attitudes toward knowledge of the fertile window were found to be predictors of fertile period knowledge. The implementation of comprehensive sexual and reproductive health programs with a focus on fertility awareness is recommended for female secondary school students. https://zenodo.org/record/6761 10.20372/nadre:6761 oai:zenodo.org:6761 doi:10.20372/nadre:6760 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Knowledge of Fertile Window and Associated Factors Among Female Students of Secondary School Wera Jarso District, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6737 2025-05-14T07:34:35Z user-slu user-zenodo

By: Abonesh Belay (B.Sc.) 2025-05-14 Background: Road Traffic accidents (RTAs) are one of the main leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. According to the report of the statistics of World Health Organization (WHO), RTA take lives of millions of people annually, ranging higher in developing countries, particularly in the Sub- Saharan African region. In Ethiopia, RTA caused losses of thousands of people and high economic damage, and was categorized as one of the top national health burdens. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of road traffic injury and associated factors among adult patients who visited the emergency department of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2024. Methods: A Facility- based cross-sectional mixed method was conducted among 396 patients who visited the adult emergency department of Jimma University Medical Center from June22 to July 19, 2024. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Epi-data version 4.6 was used for data entry and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for data analysis. Variables with p-values ≤ 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were taken to multi-variable logistic regression. On a multi- variable analysis, variables with a P value ≤ 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors associated with outcome variable, and then the data was presented using table and diagram. Result: The magnitude of road traffic accident in the emergency department of Jimma University Medical Center was 69.4% (95% CI: 64.6%, 74.0%). Factors associated with these injuries included experiencing family conflicts (AOR = 3.37, 95% CI: 1.10-10.3), being farmers (AOR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.07-4.69), use of mobile phones during crossing the road (AOR=5.94; 95% CI: 3.05-11.6), and use of alcohol (AOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.06-4.30). Conclusion and recommendation: The magnitude of road traffic accident in the emergency department of Jimma University Medical Center was high. Factors such as family conflicts, being farmer, alcohol and mobile phone use were linked to these injuries. Local government transportation departments should launch public awareness campaigns on safe driving and accident prevention using different mass media. https://zenodo.org/record/6737 10.20372/nadre:6737 oai:zenodo.org:6737 doi:10.20372/nadre:6736 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Road Traffic Accident and Associated Factors among Adult Patients who visited the Emergency Department of Jimma University Medical Center, Oromia, South West Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6763 2025-05-14T07:32:51Z user-slu user-zenodo

Eshetu Tulu 2025-05-14 The study aimed to determine how much households in shararo town, central Ethiopia were willing to pay for improved water services. Since water is a vital resource for sustaining life and promoting socio-economic growth, it is crucial to understand its economic value, even though it is not traded in markets. To estimate the willingness to pay, the study used the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). This method involves conducting a survey and collecting primary data from 378 randomly selected households. The survey employed a specific approach called the Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice (DBDC) elicitation format, which involved in-person meetings The study also found that the majority of the sampled willingness to pay for water service were female, the mean age of individuals who are likely to willingness to pay for water service is 35.28 years, the mean income of these individuals is 4806.33 Ethiopian Birr per month, and they have a mean of year of the schooling of the individuals is 11.61 years. The logistic regression model had a binary dependent variable (WTP) and 13 explanatory variables, of which 9 were found to be statistically significant. The logistic regression model is statistically significant in predicting willingness to pay for water service. Key factors influencing willingness to pay include sex, education level, family size, employment status, water service quality, awareness, disease exposure, satisfaction, and bid amount. The Double Bounded Dichotomous Choice (DBDC) method was effectively used to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water service in Shararo town. The DBDC analysis yielded a mean willingness to pay of 0.40 EB per 20 liters, with a total annual WTP of 8,824,545 ETB for the Shararo town population. In light of these findings, the study recommended the implementation of future projects in the study area, as there is a clear opportunity to provide improved water services that would not only benefit the community but also have the potential for financial sustainability. https://zenodo.org/record/6763 10.20372/nadre:6763 oai:zenodo.org:6763 doi:10.20372/nadre:6762 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by ESTIMATING WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IMPROVED WATER SERVICE IN SHARARO TOWN, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA: A Contingent Valuation Approach info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6735 2025-05-14T07:34:08Z user-slu user-zenodo

GUTU GEREMU 2025-05-14 The major objective of the study was to empirically examine the effect of exports on economic growth in Ethiopia 1980-2022. In time series context, most recent econometric techniques were used, namely Augmented Dickey and fuller (ADF) test for unit root, Autoregressive Distributed lagged (ARDL) bound test for co-integration, Error Correction method (ECM) for a sample period. The finding indicates the existence of unidirectional causality that runs from export to economic growth. The empirical evidence, in addition shows the presence of positive and significant long run and short run relationship between effect of export and economic growth. Export in Ethiopia has been effective in promoting economic growth in long run through stimulating and encouraging trade and relationship of the foreign country. Increase in export in both long run and short run has considerable effect causing an increase in economic growth in Ethiopia. It has therefore, policy (government) should be argued that countries seeking to use to promote export strategy to avoid growth need to develop an exit strategy to avoid getting locked into a strategy that has outlived its usefulness. https://zenodo.org/record/6735 10.20372/nadre:6735 oai:zenodo.org:6735 doi:10.20372/nadre:6734 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by EFFECT OF EXPORT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6741 2025-05-14T07:35:29Z user-slu user-zenodo

BY: MAYRAMA ABE (BSC) 2025-05-14 Background: Patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical service is an important and commonly used indicator for measuring the quality of medical care. However, health systems in low-income countries are often not equipped to provide adequate care for patients with chronic illnesses. They are primarily designed to address acute infectious and parasitic diseases.In Ethiopia; the pharmacy service has faced several gaps, including low patient satisfaction and poor availability of essential pharmaceuticals. Previous studies have shown variations in the magnitude of client satisfaction, and there is currently limited research available in the study area. Objective: the objectives of this study were to assess level of satisfaction with pharmaceutical care and associated factor among chronic non-communicable disease patients at public hospital in East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2024 Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted in East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 411 study participants. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire and entered using EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage, and frequency were calculated. A multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between dependent and independent variables and significant associations was identified based on a p-value of less than 0.05 and an adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results: The overall level of patient satisfaction was 48.9% (95% CI: 44, 54). Factors associated with patient satisfaction included being unable to read and write (AOR = 4.0 95% CI = 1.44 11.05), obtaining some prescribed medications (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI = .21–.70), living in rural areas (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.12–3.44), and having insurance coverage (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.85–4.20). Conclusion: This study revealed that patient satisfaction towards pharmaceutical service was low. Residence, level of education, payment status and availability of drugs showed significant association with patient satisfaction. Availing drugs and insured patients to improve patient satisfaction https://zenodo.org/record/6741 10.20372/nadre:6741 oai:zenodo.org:6741 doi:10.20372/nadre:6740 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by SATISFACTION WITH PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHRONIC NON COMMUNICABLE DESEASE PATIENTS AT PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN EAST SHOA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA,2024 info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6739 2025-05-14T07:35:02Z user-slu user-zenodo

Haile Girma Geleta 2025-05-14 This study investigated the effect of government expenditure on economic growth in Ethiopia using data covering the period 1991-2022. The study used an empirical approach, using macroeconomic data and econometric techniques to analyse the dynamics between government expenditure and economic growth. The analysis begins by examining patterns and trends in government expenditure in Ethiopia during the selected period. Next, the study employed econometric methods to assess the effect of government expenditure on economic growth and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to co-integration and error correction model are applied to investigate the short-run and long-run effect of government expenditure on economic growth. Both the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Perron (PP) unit root tests affirmed that all variables in the model are integrated into orders I(0) and I(1).The study employed the diagnostic tests such as; heteroskedasticity, serial correlation LM, normality test and CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests for model stability. The study found that economic growth and the selected economic variables have a significant long-run relationship with the real GDP growth rate. The study also found that, population growth rate and foreign aid and development assistance, all other variables are negatively related to economic growth. The study concluded that, in the short run, government expenditures do not have an effect on economic growth and external debt negatively affects economic growth but the population growth rate positively affects the economic growth of Ethiopia. While in the long run, the effect of government expenditure on RGDP is negative and significant. Also, inflation and external debt have a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Therefore, the study recommended the need for public-private partnership in the funding and management of public projects instead of financing such projects directly from government budget. https://zenodo.org/record/6739 10.20372/nadre:6739 oai:zenodo.org:6739 doi:10.20372/nadre:6738 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article

oai:zenodo.org:6297 2025-07-17T15:54:49Z user-slu user-zenodo

SHIMALLIS XAAFAATIIN 2025-05-12 Kaayyoon qorannoo kanaa Afseenaa bakkeewwaan Seenaafi Aadaa qabeeyyii Aanaa Giraar Jaarsoo irratti kan xiyyeeffatamee qaacceffameedha. Xiyyeeffannoon qorannoo kanaas maalumma afseenaa bakkeewwanii, faayidaafi hiika Afseenaa hubachuudha. Haaluma kanaan xiinxala Afseenaa bakkeewwaan Seenaa fi Aadaa qabeeyyii kanaaf malli qo"atichi itti gargaarame mala akkamtaa yookaan qulqulleeffataati. Mala kanaan odeeffannoo madda raga duraa fi madda raga lammaffaa irraa argaman kan kaayyoo qorannichaa galmaan gahu jedhamanii funaanamanii walsimsiisun itti gargaaramee jira. Akkasumas, Afseenaa bakkeewwan Seena fi Aadaa qabeeyyii Aanaa Giraar Jaarsoo keessatti haali itti asgahee Abbootii Gadaa, Manguddoota, beektoota fi Ogeesoota adda addaa irratti bu"uureeffachuun ibsee jira. Itti dabaluun qabiyyee gurguddoon qo"atichi irratti hunda"ee, maalumma Afseena bakkeewwan seena fi aadaa qabeeyyii Aanaa Giraar jaarsoo keessatti argamaan eegumsa, kunuunsa fi hojiin beeksisa fi haali itti as gahee fi Afseewwaan isaa maaliin akka wal-qabatu kan ibsamaan yoo ta"uu, qorannoo kana keessatti akka waliigalatti wanti hubatame uummanni annicha qabsoo walirraa hin cinne taasisa Aadaa, Seenaa, duudha isaa eege, kunuunse fi hojii kabajaa isaa fi beeksiisuun dhaloota dhalootati dabarsa dhaloota haara dhalchise asiin gahee jira. Kunis Afseenaa Aannicha keessatti Asfeena Holqa Riqicha poorchuugaal,Jaldeessa Ganda Warxuu, Holqa Dabbis, Holqa Bolloo iddoo hawwata turizimii ta"ee afseenaan isaani karaa adda ta"ee dhaloota kana bira waan gaheef dhaloonni haara eegee, kunuunse, hojii beeksisa hojjechuun dhaloota boruuf dabarsu. Irreecha Laga Daannisa waggaa sadii as bakka uuma ganama sanitti waan deebi"eef amma karaa guutu ta"een hirmanna hawaasa hunda kan barbadu fi taateewwan naannoo sanitti raawwatame, Tulluu Salaalee (maqaa biyyaa moo maqaa latiinsa gosa kan jedhu ilaalchise maqa gosaa ta"uu isaa) fi dhugeeffannoo naannoo sanii kan ta"ee Re"ee yookiin hoola marsa kan jedhu karaa guutu ta"een qorannichi of keessati qabata. Kanaafuu, afseenaan uummata kanaaf kuusaa beekumsa gadi fagoo, ibsituu Aadaa, seena, duudha, Afaan fi calaqistuu uummaticha karaa guutuun tursiisee jechuun ni danda"ama. https://zenodo.org/record/6297 10.20372/nadre:6297 oai:zenodo.org:6297 doi:10.20372/nadre:6296 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/slu url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/zenodo info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by AFSEENAAWWAN BAKKEEWWAAN SEENAAFI AADAA QABEEYYII GODINA SHAWAA KAABAA info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article