2026-05-04T18:20:47Z https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/oai2d

oai:zenodo.org:17962 2025-09-09T07:50:12Z user-011

DESALEGN BEKELE BILIKE 2025-09-09 Abstract The objective of this research was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of qeexala ritual practice among the Gedeo people of South Ethiopia, focusing on its practice, the dynamics, challenges and strategies for preservation. In order to achieve this, qualitative research approaches was used. FGD, key informants interview and non-participant observation were used as method of data collections from the sample respondents in the study area or Dilla zuriya woreda (Fayemo, Michchile Girsa and Otilcho songos). Each songos are selected from three different kebeles. Individual interview were conducted with total of 24 individuals 2 from department of Gedeo Zone culture and tourism, 2 from Dilla zuriya woreda culture and tourism office, and 20 informants are from community elders and “baalle” traditional administration system of the Gedeo people. FGD were held with three groups having 7 of each. Age of FGD participants are range from 42-82. The study finds that qeexala ritual is Gedeo community indigenous knowledge. Also, it has no exact month to perform it; that means qeexala is occasional. On the other hand, there are different challenges related with qeexala rituals. Protestant Christianity, modernization, civilization, attitudes and politics are notable disregards qeexala ritual. As a result, to preserve qeexala ritual, establishing community based program, encouraging cultural pleasure, and awareness, encouraging cooperation between local communities, cultural organization and governmental bodies is very important. https://zenodo.org/record/17962 10.20372/nadre:17962 oai:zenodo.org:17962 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17961 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Gedeo people, Qeexala ritual, Indigenous knowledge, Dilla Zuriya Woreda, Cultural preservation THE PRACTICES, DYNAMICS AND CHALLENGES OF QEETALA RITUAL AMONG THE GEDEO PEOPLE OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA. info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17970 2025-09-09T07:58:47Z user-011

Zekariyas Negash 2025-09-09 Abstract The main focus of this research is to explore “the influence of Christianity on the Gedeo indigenous ritual practices in southern Ethiopia." The research was limited to the three woreda of the Gedeo Zone and concentrated on their ritual customs. The study attempts to address the specific objectives of the nature and status of ritual practices, investigate the manner in which indigenous rituals are performed, the dynamics of ritual practices as a result of the influence of Christian teaching on ritual practices, and finally, the importance of social integration of indigenous ritual practices. Gedeo people have been performing various rituals like Facii'e, Cincca, Bitaa Bira, Gooloo, and Huluqqa prayers to Mageno for various reasons, such as asking for rain during the dry season, and asking Mageno for intervention to control epidemics and create long-term peace and stability. The researcher used an ethnographic study design and a qualitative research approach. In addition, the researcher used both primary sources, like observation, informal conversation, key informant interviews, and FGD, and secondary sources, like different thesis, books, etc. On the other hand, the researcher used non-probable procedures, specifically purposive sampling techniques. Theoretically, the study also used the theory of rituals as a conceptual framework. In this study, thirty-two (32) individual, knowledgeable Gada leaders, elders, and religious leaders chosen from the society sampled woreda. The findings of this study show that the rise and expansion of Christianity, including Orthodox, Protestantism, and Catholicism, and its followers were not desired to accept and support indigenous ritual practices of Gedeo. The researcher employed an ethnographic design and a qualitative research methodology. The study's findings demonstrate that the emergence and expansion of Christianity, including Orthodox, Protestantism, and Catholicism, and its followers did not want to embrace and encourage indigenous Gedeo ritual customs. The findings of this study revealed that indigenous rites such as Facii'e, Cincca, Bita bira, Gooloo, Huluqqa, and Gondooro were practiced in the study area. The study's findings, which are consistent with the dynamic of cultural practice under the influence of Christianity, show that modern religions are decrease against lost cultures and ways of life, while the study area is dealing with social issues such as conflict, instability, recurring drought, famine, disease, accidents, and property destruction. https://zenodo.org/record/17970 10.20372/nadre:17970 oai:zenodo.org:17970 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17969 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Indigenous, Christianity, rituals, Gedeo, Ethiopia. THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY ON THE GEDEO INDIGENOUS RITUAL PRACTICES, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17978 2025-09-09T10:50:19Z user-011

Golicha Dengicha Dika 2025-09-09 Abstract This thesis draws attention to the changes and continuities in Borana gadaa system. The main objective of this study is to understand the changes and continuities in Borana Gadaa system, the influences of external and internal changes the Borana Gadaa system, and how customary institutions respond to these influences. Traditionally, the Oromo believed in a supreme deity, Waaqa (God) but eventually most of them were converted to Christianity and Islam without necessarily giving up Waqeffanna cultural and ritual practices since it is similar to both as a monotheistic religion. On this study, I was used qualitative approach that revision extensive use of primary and secondary sources. The primary data was generated through interviews, observations, and focus group discussions. While secondary data was collected from Borana culture and tourism office. The accuracy of the information from the archives materials I was used to referring different source like journal, articles, books and internets. The study was conducted in Borana Zone, Arero and Dubluk districts. The site was selected purposively because two districts is a place where the Gadaa system is functioning relatively well. To accomplish the objective of the study qualitative method of data analysis was applied since it facilitates detailed study of the social phenomenon based on feelings, experiences, motives, and behaviors of targeted group’s and their attitudes. The findings of this research indicate that the Borana Gadaa system reflects changes as well as continuity of the community way of life. The thesis concludes that the main factors for changes and continuities of Borana Gadaa system are due to diverse external and internal pressures. https://zenodo.org/record/17978 10.20372/nadre:17978 oai:zenodo.org:17978 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17977 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Borana, Gadaa, changes and continuities An Ethnographic Study of Changes and Continuities in Borana Gadaa system since (1885): case of Arero and Dubluk districts, Borana Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17972 2025-09-09T08:09:30Z user-011

ASFAW ALEMU 2025-09-09 ABSTRACT Since ancient times, one of the densest indigenous populations in terms of ethnic groups in Ethiopia has been supported by the indigenous knowledge and practice of biodiversity conservation systems in D'erashe woreda. indigenous knowledge and practices of biodiversity conservation systems, such as agroforestry, crop rotation, planting native trees, and protecting land, water, sacred areas, plants, and animals, are still in use in this region. The primary goal of the research was to evaluate and investigate the local indigenous population's knowledge and practices around biodiversity conservation. Focus group dissection, interviews, field observations, and key informant data were gathered. and subjected to qualitative, anthropological, and quantitative analysis, the result revealed a striking existence of indigenous knowledge and practice of biodiversity conservation, such as planting and resource conservation. In addition, they separate the kinds of plants that are appropriate for the conditions before digging and tilling on time before planting trees. Based on plant type, the data showed that the following have steadily disappeared whereas plants have continued to exist in dega, woynadega, and qolla agroecologies. People believe that conserving indigenous biodiversity is preferable, despite the effects of industrialization, the information gap, and negative attitudes. Along with important elements like the decline in native plant life, pruning, burning, modern tree planting, and human perspectives in both agro-ecologies. Additionally, every variable was examined for substantial connection. In order to ensure the continued existence of indigenous knowledge and biodiversity conservation practices, it may be necessary to integrate these practices with current technologies, give recognition to indigenous people, and bring back their traditions. https://zenodo.org/record/17972 10.20372/nadre:17972 oai:zenodo.org:17972 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17971 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Indigenous, Biodiversity, Conservation, Clans, preservation, and Dirashe INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AMONG DERASHE PEOPLE, SOUTH ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17976 2025-09-09T10:46:19Z user-011

JUHAR AHMED MOHAMMED 2025-09-09 ABSTRACT This study explores the role of indigenous institutions in conflict resolution, with a focus on the inter-ethnic conflict between Afar and Argobba in the northeastern part of Ethiopia. It investigates the effectiveness of indigenous institutions, such as the Abeggar, religious leaders, and clan leaders, in managing conflicts and promoting reconciliation. The study employs a qualitative research approach, using interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from both communities, observation as a non-participant, case studies, and document analysis. The findings indicate that indigenous institutions are critical to conflict resolution as they possess legitimacy, trust, and authority from the communities they represent. They have unique methods of conflict resolution, such as mediation and reconciliation, based on their cultural practices and values. However, the study also highlights the need for greater recognition of indigenous institutions by the state and the importance of incorporating indigenous institutions into formal conflict management processes and strengthening their capacities to provide effective conflict resolution and peace building services in the region. The study provides valuable recommendations for policymakers and practitioners to build on the strengths of indigenous institutions and incorporate them into a formal system of governance. Overall, this study contributes to the growing literature on the role of indigenous institutions in conflict resolution and underscores the importance of engaging with local communities and their institutions in peace building initiatives. https://zenodo.org/record/17976 10.20372/nadre:17976 oai:zenodo.org:17976 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17975 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by indigenous institutions, inter-ethnic conflict, conflict resolution, Abeggar, Clan leader, Afar, Argobba. The ROLE OF INDIGENOUS INSTITUTIONS IN CONFLICT RESOLUTION: IN THE CASE OF INTER- ETHNIC CONFLICT BETWEEN ARGOBBA & AFAR PEOPLE, NORTHEAST ETHIOPIA. info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17974 2025-09-09T10:41:08Z user-011

SERAWIT KUMANA KUYAWO 2025-09-09 Abstract Like any other Ethiopian society, Konso is a Patrarchical society in which all socio-political organizations are men dominated. Even though women are contributing and participating into to economic activities like craft work, smiting, pottering and other farm works, their participate in other socio-political activities of the society is very lower and also have no meaningful role both in the traditional and formal political organizations. Despite this longstanding tradition, it appears that there are slight changes in their way of life currently. Thus, it is based this past trends, and currents changes that the study addressed the dynamics in socio-economic and political aspects of women among the Konso people. In doing so, ethnographic field work was conducted from July, 2018 up May, 2019 among the Konso of Southwest Ethiopia to assess the dynamics in the socio-economic and political aspect of women, and secondary data were collected from different sources. Accordingly, study found that women’s are not taking part in traditional administration system. Whereas, there are also slight changes have been seen in terms of participating women in modern administration system in the form of Kebele leadership, woreda administrations and also at zonal level. Beside, the study also found that, compared with the past where Women do not have the right to own property among Konso, slight changes by different organizations and governmental interventions have been made, and women started indirect property ownership and make a business currently . Finally, the study recommends that changing the aspect of women needs combined effort, intervention and support from both government and non-governmental organization in the form of economic assistance, political and social empowerment and awareness creation. https://zenodo.org/record/17974 10.20372/nadre:17974 oai:zenodo.org:17974 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17973 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Women, Politics, Economy. Society, leadership, A STUDY ON DYNAMICS IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ASPECT OF WOMEN AMONG KONSO, SOUTH WESTERN ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17982 2025-09-09T10:58:05Z user-011

AYALEW ABDISSA AMENU 2025-09-09 Abstract Agribusiness farming is a fast-growing type of investment in Ethiopia. This study examined the economic and political impacts of Agribusiness farming on local livelihoods in ‘Abe-Dongoro’ district of Oromia National Regional State of Ethiopia. However, such investments have negative impacts particularly on the local communities. The data collection was done on basis of qualitative research method. Data collected through Observation, interviews, and key informant interview and focus group discussions. Besides, secondary data was also used from various sources to complement the primary data. The state agricultural farming project of the study area shows none consultation investment, unfair compensation and none participation procedures. The state unfair use of political power use in implementing land acquisition process influenced both the investors and peasant’s use of land. The effects of land grabbing by the investors restricted the accessibilities of land and natural resource use of peasants. The study found that the agribusiness project has no significant benefits to the local communities in terms of the socioeconomic and political benefits by the measures of food security, technological transfer, employment opportunity, crop production and local infrastructure development; even though, agricultural farming have a significant contribution in economic development. Moreover, the study identified the coping strategies pursued by local communities in response to the impacts of investments. Therefore, the state has to balance the interest local communities for recognition of the land and investors needs of land for agricultural investment. Finally the study examined coping strategies of local communities responds towards the agricultural investment by changing land use, sharecropping, tenant farming, changing occupation and migration. https://zenodo.org/record/17982 10.20372/nadre:17982 oai:zenodo.org:17982 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17981 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Agribusiness farming, "Abe-Dongoro" district, Oromia, Ethiopia THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AGRIBUSINESS FARMING SCHEMES: - IN ABE-DONGORO DISTRICT OF HORRO GUDURU WALLAGA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17980 2025-09-09T10:54:07Z user-011

Dejene Alemayehu 2025-09-09 Abstract The study intends to assess the indigenous environmental knowledge (IEK) of Borana pastoralists in Dhas district of Borana zone in southern Ethiopia. To attain the study objective qualitative research design was employed as it helps researcher to obtain a full pictures and facts about the IEK of Borana pastoralists to build a holistic picture, analyze narratives, and to conducts the study in the natural settings of the participants through the use of methods such as key informant interview, focus group discussion (FGD) and direct observation. To select participants for key informant interview and FGD, snowball sampling was used to pinpoint people who have insights into IEK of Borana pastoralists. Results show that the customary practices of Borana pastoralists that linked to multi-dimensional natural resources management (NRM) include the taxonomy of pastureland and water resources instituted on the season of utility and gazing dimensions, range scouts, herd splitting, cattle mobility, herd diversification, and bush burning. However, currently owing to various factors the IEKs of Borana pastoralists have been facing threatening challenges that question their existence. The study incorporated the capitalization on the customary institutions that advance the IEK and cattle productivity finally improving the livelihoods of the Borana pastoralists. This research intends to help various stakeholders, predominantly pastoralist development office, ecologists and other development partners in a bid to develop Borana pastoralists, to boost their sustainability, and to promote sustainable NRM. https://zenodo.org/record/17980 10.20372/nadre:17980 oai:zenodo.org:17980 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17979 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Borana pastoralists, Indigenous environmental knowledge, customary institutions Indigenous Environmental Knowledge of Borana Pastoralists info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17986 2025-09-09T11:04:43Z user-011

Abera Eyasu Gedecho 2025-09-09 Abstract This research was conducted in the Gedeo and Sidama communities with aim to explore the eco cultural shift in their indigenous agroforestry system. Methodologically, study focused on qualitative research approach. Purposive and snowball sampling technique employed in order to find key informants in study areas. In-depth interview, observation, focus group discussion, narrative interview were&review of secondary data sources, methods used to collect data, and it analyzed parallel with data collection through thematic analysis approach. In order to widen the concepts related to my study topic, systematic review of related literature was made. The findings of this research reveal that various factors such as ; natural factors such as disease related with native crops, erosion of traditional social structure, urbanism, modernization, modern schooling, top-down policy & expansion of modern religions are challenging factors that change ontology of Sidama-Gedeo community attached with nature in their indigenous agroforestry system. Due to these factors ancestral/indigenous eco-cultural values of Sidama and Gedeo community that connect them with their surrounding are now in transition. With the ―monetization‖ of the production system, the indigenous agroforestry system of the Gedeo and Sidama people are now shifting towards cash oriented cropping system. Such loss of biodiversity, food insecurity, expansion of beginning, prostitution, infertility of soil, decay of indigenous institutions is resulted from eco-cultural relation shift in the Sidama-Gedeo indigenous agroforestry system. Necessary management system expected to reduce drivers of eco-cultural relation of Sidama-Gedeo indigenous land use system. https://zenodo.org/record/17986 10.20372/nadre:17986 oai:zenodo.org:17986 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17985 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Eco-culture, Gedeo, Sidama, agroforestry system Eco-cultural shift in the Gede'o and Sidama indigenous Agroforestry System: the case of Dilla Zuria & Dara districts. info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17984 2025-09-09T11:01:07Z user-011

ANTENEH GETACHEW TAFESE 2025-09-09 ABSTARCT This thesis tries to examine the state driven resettlement program in Basketo District in Southwestern part of Ethiopia. The driving force for the resettlement program were to come out from drought prone areas, to give relief densely populated area and to rehabilitee the lands of intensively used land. This resettlement program brought six different ethnic groups together. It created cultural contacts, contradictions of world views amongst the resettles and the host community. The cultural contact had brought changes to the host culture livelihood, production and resource conservation social transformations. The researcher used ethnography as a major strategy of a qualitative analysis for the research analysis. Data have been collected from field observation, interviews and focus group discussions, from archives of the district’s Office of Culture, Tourism and Sports, and Office of Agriculture, This research challenges the argument of the conventional world resource consuming world views, extensive land use pattern, resource utilization outlook differences, ecocide consuming characteristics and conflicts for the resource use cultures among the resettles and the host communities, the enforcement of the government by investigating the locals resource conservation mechanism. The findings of the study show that resettlement that does not recognize the local livelihood brings competing outcomes in the host. https://zenodo.org/record/17984 10.20372/nadre:17984 oai:zenodo.org:17984 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17983 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Resettlement, Resource, Culture, Basketo and Cultural-change RESETTLMENT, CULTURAL CONTACT AND EMERGING SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN BASKETO SPECIAL DISTRICT info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17990 2025-09-09T11:12:05Z user-011

Kidist Getachew Lege 2025-09-09 Abstract This research is about naming practices, significances, socio-cultural meanings and dynamics of change in Gede’o peoples. It specifically aims to investigate the typology and significances of names. In personal names there are semantic patterns, cultural and ritual practices. Nonetheless, these dynamics is changing to some extent towards Amharic-religious naming style by ignoring its cultural value. Qualitative research methodology followed in the study. Socio-cultural and linguistic data were collected using interviews. The collected names were analysed thematically; they were classified based on its references, how it’s given and its semantic value/meaning. Trend analysis was used to show degree of maintenance or endangerment of personal name giving practices. The results of the study show that names, which are often given express the context or the situation or condition during birth. Gede’o people personal names have meaning. The meanings could be descriptive, associative or referential meaning. The naming in Gede’o is slightly changing from cultural or native personal names into religious names and Amharic names. The causes for such changes found to be disparagement, religion, and Amharic hegemony. It was further found that giving native personal names to new born babies were revitalized in the recent years. https://zenodo.org/record/17990 10.20372/nadre:17990 oai:zenodo.org:17990 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17989 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by naming, Gede'o, identity, culture Personal naming practices and identity formation among the Gede'o people, Southern Ethiopia info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:17988 2025-09-09T11:08:18Z user-011

Galma Jaldesa Dadi 2025-09-09 ABSTRACT The title of this research was the essence, the practices and the challenge indigenous early warning system among Guji oromo; which deals with the indigenous knowledge system, in this the indigenous early warning system is the one which the Guji people practices it for a long time and survive form the coming hazard by using their local sign and indicator. In order to do this research the researcher was used the qualitative research paradigms, in this paradigm the ethnographic research design was the most decisive one to reach on the new finding. This ethnographic methodology include same method such like Interviewing the key informant was the one we get sufficient data, observation in the field work, focus group discussion and informal conversation. In another words, the primary and secondary are the prominent one, as well as, the positionality, reflexivity and use same theory which related the topic. Finally, the research analysis and discussion which the researcher reaches on the finding that how the Guji community practices indigenous early warning system, the essentiality of this knowledge for local people and last but not the least the contemporary challenges which facing this system was globalization, modernity and religious challenges. https://zenodo.org/record/17988 10.20372/nadre:17988 oai:zenodo.org:17988 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:17987 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by Indigenous Knowledge, Early warning, Guji Oromo, Ethiopia. The Essence, Practices and Challenges of Indigenous Early Warning System among the Guji Oromo info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis

oai:zenodo.org:19373 2025-10-07T13:19:45Z user-011

KAMISO KARE 2025-10-07 Abstract:The objective of this study was to assess the Effect of TVET Leadership Styles on Staff Commitment and its Implication to Graduate Competency in TVET Colleges of Sidama Region. The researcher selected explanatory sequential research design and employed both qualitative and quantitative method for collecting and analyzing data. For the study, three TVET colleges (Aleta wondo TVE, Dara TVET and Hawassa TVET) were selected. Then, among 2147 total study population, 355 samples were selected. Here, 217graduated trainees, 9 middle managers (3 middle managers per TVET college) and 120 trainers were selected using simple random sampling technique. The prepared questionnaire contained 40 likrate scale questions and given to337 individual (217 graduated trainees and 120 trainers). Besides, 9 deans (3 middle managers per TVET College) were selected using purposive sampling techniques who answered the prepared 7 open ended interview questions. Then Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (regression and t-test) analysis for quantitative. For qualitative data, narrative analysis approach was used to analyze the data. As a result, study found out that the roles of the authoritarian leadership styles applied by TVET leaders by enhancing staff commitment was identified in low extent. Similarly, almost all of the respondents confirmed that the extent of the practical duties of the target TVETs leaders for enhancing training competency using staff commitment was very poor. Moreover, the roles played by TVET leaders to enhance graduate competency was found low. Furthermore, weakness of the TVET leadership Styles were mostly they exercised autocratic and sometimes laze-faire leadership styles than the others;not ready to accept other suggestions , and knowledge /skill gaps. Lastly, the conclusion also identified challenges were: Shortage of training machines, equipment, tools and consumable assessment materials, poor closer Follow up and trainees were not adequately got the expected practical knowledge. At the end, the recommendations were offered to stalk holders, TVET leaders at all level, to trainers and to different concerned bodies regarding on short supportive training on enhancing the quality of TVET leadership styles ,and on empowering stakeholders on how to sharing common vision and mission. https://zenodo.org/record/19373 10.20372/nadre:19373 oai:zenodo.org:19373 eng doi:10.20372/nadre:19372 url:https://nadre.ethernet.edu.et/communities/011 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by THE EFFECT OF TVET LEADERSHIP STYLES ON STAFF COMMITMENT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO GRADUATE COMPETENCY IN TVET COLLEGES, SIDAMA REGIONAL STATE info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis publication-thesis